Streaked horned lark Eremophila alpestris strigata has distinct mitochondrial DNA
Streaked horned lark Eremophila alpestris strigata has distinct mitochondrial DNA
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DOI：
10.1007/s10592-005-9074-9
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发表时间：
2005-12-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Rohwer, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Drovetski, SV;Pearson, SF;Rohwer, S
条纹角云雀（STHL；Eremophila alpestris strigata）是根据《濒危物种法》列入联邦候选名单的物种。我们使用完整的线粒体 ND2 基因评估了 STHL 的保护状态和遗传多样性水平。我们从普吉特海湾南部地区、太平洋海岸和华盛顿哥伦比亚河怀特岛采集了 32 只角百灵，以及来自阿拉斯加、高山和华盛顿东部、俄勒冈州、加利福尼亚州和亚洲（外群）的另外 68 只角百灵。我们对 32 个单倍型的最大似然分析确定了太平洋沿岸各州的三个地理一致的分支：太平洋西北地区（高山和华盛顿州东部、阿拉斯加）、太平洋海岸（华盛顿州西部、加利福尼亚州）和大盆地（俄勒冈州东部）。三个进化枝中的每一个都得到了 >= 86% 的 bootstrap 值的支持。不包括进化枝内变异，它们之间的距离从 0.72% 到 0.79% 核苷酸分歧不等。分支之间的关系尚未解决。 AMOVA 还显示了三个分支之间显着的单倍型结构。进化枝之间的差异占序列变异的75.7%，进化枝内地点之间的差异占12.1%，地点内个体之间的差异占其余的12.2%。尽管 STHL 种群与加州样本密切相关，但它们显得独特且孤立。涉及 STHL 样本的所有成对 F-st 值均显着（除了它们之间）。 STHL 的遗传多样性似乎非常低；所有 32 个 STHL 都具有相同的单倍型。即使样本量很小，所有其他地区也有多种单倍型。由于 STHL 似乎是独特且孤立的，并且几乎没有遗传多样性，我们的数据表明它应该成为优先保护的对象。
The Streaked Horned Lark (STHL; Eremophila alpestris strigata) is a federal candidate for listing under the Endangered Species Act. We evaluated the conservation status and level of genetic diversity of the STHL using the complete mitochondrial ND2 gene. We sampled 32 STHLs from the southern Puget Sound region, the Pacific coast, and Whites Island in the Columbia River of Washington, and additional 68 horned larks from Alaska, alpine and eastern Washington, Oregon, California, and Asia ( outgroups). Our Maximum Likelihood analysis of 32 haplotypes identified three geographically concordant clades in Pacific coast states: Pacific Northwest (alpine and eastern Washington, Alaska), Pacific Coast (western Washington, California), and Great Basin (eastern Oregon). Each of the three clades was supported by bootstrap values >= 86%. The distance among them varied from 0.72 to 0.79% nucleotide divergence excluding intraclade variation. The relationship among the clades was not resolved. AMOVA also showed significant structuring of haplotypes among the three clades. Differences among clades accounted for 75.7% of sequence variation, differences among localities within clades accounted for 12.1%, and differences among individuals within localities accounted for the remaining 12.2%. Although STHL populations were closely related to the Californian sample, they appeared unique and isolated. All pairwise F-st values involving the STHL samples were significant (except between themselves). STHLs appear to have remarkably low genetic diversity; all 32 STHLs shared the same haplotype. Even with small sample sizes, all other localities had multiple haplotypes. Because the STHL appears to be unique and isolated, and to have little genetic diversity our data suggest it should be a conservation priority.