Lexical effects in the perception and production of American English /p/ allophones
Lexical effects in the perception and production of American English /p/ allophones
复制标题
美式英语 /p/ 变体的感知和生成中的词汇效应
DOI：
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Irwin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Whalen;C. Best;J. Irwin
虽然现代音位学理论不倾向于把音位作为一个理论对象，但位置变体，传统上称为音位变体，显然在语言中起着作用。在英语中，中间无送气塞音通常在重读音节中伴随送气而在非重读音节中不伴随送气。在这里报告的实验中，/p/的送气和不送气的同音异义体被研究的辨别性和知觉偏好在适当的和不适当的重音背景下的双音节目标的第二个音节。在非单词的测试中，送气音[p]一直是首选，而不考虑哪个音节是重读的。此外，在类别AXB任务中，不送气塞音比送气塞音更难与其他音位变体区分。尽管如此，当被试被要求重复和模仿两种变体时，他们通常能够模仿不合适的音位变体。然而，在真实的词汇中，受试者通常在感知上更喜欢正确的同音异义词，他们发现不合适的同音异义词很难模仿。因此，这种音位对比可能需要与词汇接触，才能影响产生和感知，这一发现需要在音位学中得到明确的解释。
Abstract Although modern theories of phonology tend not to include the phoneme as a theoretical object, positional variants, traditionally known as allophones, clearly play a role in language. In English, medial voiceless stops typically occur with aspiration in stressed syllables but without aspiration in unstressed ones. In the experiments reported here, the aspirated and unaspirated allophones of /p/ were studied both for discriminability and for perceptual preference in appropriate and inappropriate stress contexts in the second syllable of disyllabic targets. In tests with non-words, aspirated [p] was consistently preferred with-out regard to which syllable was stressed. Additionally, the unaspirated stop was somewhat more difficult to discriminate from the other allophones in a categorial AXB task than the aspirate was. When subjects were asked to repeat and imitate both varieties, nonetheless, they were usually able to mimic the inappropriate allophones. In real words, however, subjects did generally prefer the correct allophone perceptually, and they found the inappropriate ones difficult to imitate. The allophonic contrast, then, may require contact with the lexicon in order to affect production and perception, a finding that needs to be explicitly accounted for in phonology.