Manual tracking in three dimensions.
Manual tracking in three dimensions.
复制标题
三维手动跟踪。
DOI：
10.1007/s00221-005-0282-9
复制
发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Flanders,Martha
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mrotek,LeighA;Gielen,CCAM;Flanders,Martha
对于在三维空间中移动的目标的手动跟踪知之甚少。在本研究中，人类受试者，用一个手持笔尖，一个虚拟的目标移动四次（周期5秒）周围的一个新的，看不见的路径。两种基本类型的目标路径被使用：花生形卡西尼椭圆和准球形形状，其中四个连接的椭圆形躺在正交平面。准球形的形状有三种不同的尺寸，卡西尼的形状在空间方向上是不同的，并沿着三个弯曲轴之沿着折叠。在卡西尼形状的第一个周期中，手平均落后于目标约150毫秒，在最后三个周期中下降到100毫秒。跟踪性能在第一个周期的前3s期间逐渐改善，然后稳定。在形状的平滑平面部分，跟踪特别好，当低频分量的跟踪与较高频率的性能相比时，时滞明显更短（0.2 Hz时为−88 ms，0.6 Hz时为−101 ms）。即使在适当调整的虚拟目标路径的虚拟形状跟踪条件下，跟踪的深度是穷人相比，在额状面跟踪，导致在平坦的手path.In对比以前的研究中，目标轨迹是线性或正弦曲线，这些复杂的轨迹可能涉及估计的整体形状，以及预测的目标速度。
Little is known about the manual tracking of targets that move in three dimensions. In the present study, human subjects followed, with the tip of a hand-held pen, a virtual target moving four times (period 5 s) around a novel, unseen path. Two basic types of target paths were used: a peanut-shaped Cassini ellipse and a quasi-spherical shape where four connected semicircles lay in orthogonal planes. The quasi-spherical shape was presented in three different sizes, and the Cassini shape was varied in spatial orientation and by folding it along one of the three bend axes. During the first cycle of Cassini shapes, the hand lagged behind the target by about 150 ms on average, which decreased to 100 ms during the last three cycles. Tracking performance gradually improved during the first 3 s of the first cycle and then stabilized. Tracking was especially good during the smooth, planar sections of the shapes, and time lag was significantly shorter when the tracking of a low-frequency component was compared to performance at a higher frequency (−88 ms at 0.2 Hz vs. −101 ms at 0.6 Hz). Even after the appropriate adjustment of the virtual target path to a virtual shape tracing condition, tracking in depth was poor compared to tracking in the frontal plane, resulting in a flattening of the hand path. In contrast to previous studies where target trajectories were linear or sinusoidal, these complex trajectories may have involved estimation of the overall shape, as well as prediction of target velocity.