Diffusion-based spatial priors for imaging.

Diffusion-based spatial priors for imaging.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.07.032
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发表时间:
2007-12
期刊:
影响因子:
5.7
通讯作者:
Friston KJ
Friston KJ
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Harrison LM;Penny W;Ashburner J;Trujillo-Barreto N;Friston KJ

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我们描述了一个贝叶斯方案来分析图像,它使用空间先验编码的扩散核,基于加权图拉普拉斯算子。这提供了一个一般框架,制定一个空间模型,其参数可以优化。我们想到的应用程序是成像数据的时空模型。我们说明的方法上的随机效应分析的功能磁共振成像对比图像从多个主题,这简化了博览会的模型,并使其显着的特点清晰的描述。通常,在应用质量单变量统计模型(例如,一般线性模型)以提供参数估计的图像。替代方案是在多变量统计模型中包括平滑度(Penny,W.D.,新泽西州特鲁希略-巴雷托,弗里斯顿,K. J.,2005.空间先验的贝叶斯fMRI时间序列分析。Neuroimage 24,350-362)。后者的优点是,每个参数字段自动平滑,根据不确定性的措施,给定的数据。在这项工作中,我们研究了使用扩散核来编码参数估计之间的空间相关性。非线性扩散在图像处理中具有悠久的历史;特别是,依赖于局部图像几何形状的流(Romeny,B.M.T.,1994.计算机视觉中的几何驱动扩散。Kluwer Academic Publishers)可以用作自适应滤波器。这可以提供保留特征的非平稳平滑过程,否则这些特征将在固定的高斯核中丢失。我们描述了一个贝叶斯框架,将非平稳,自适应平滑到生成模型中提取参数估计的空间特征。重要的是,这意味着自适应平滑成为估计和推理的一个组成部分。我们使用合成和真实的fMRI数据来说明该方法。
We describe a Bayesian scheme to analyze images, which uses spatial priors encoded by a diffusion kernel, based on a weighted graph Laplacian. This provides a general framework to formulate a spatial model, whose parameters can be optimized. The application we have in mind is a spatiotemporal model for imaging data. We illustrate the method on a random effects analysis of fMRI contrast images from multiple subjects; this simplifies exposition of the model and enables a clear description of its salient features. Typically, imaging data are smoothed using a fixed Gaussian kernel as a pre-processing step before applying a mass-univariate statistical model (e.g., a general linear model) to provide images of parameter estimates. An alternative is to include smoothness in a multivariate statistical model (Penny, W.D., Trujillo-Barreto, N.J., Friston, K.J., 2005. Bayesian fMRI time series analysis with spatial priors. Neuroimage 24, 350–362). The advantage of the latter is that each parameter field is smoothed automatically, according to a measure of uncertainty, given the data. In this work, we investigate the use of diffusion kernels to encode spatial correlations among parameter estimates. Nonlinear diffusion has a long history in image processing; in particular, flows that depend on local image geometry (Romeny, B.M.T., 1994. Geometry-driven Diffusion in Computer Vision. Kluwer Academic Publishers) can be used as adaptive filters. This can furnish a non-stationary smoothing process that preserves features, which would otherwise be lost with a fixed Gaussian kernel. We describe a Bayesian framework that incorporates non-stationary, adaptive smoothing into a generative model to extract spatial features in parameter estimates. Critically, this means adaptive smoothing becomes an integral part of estimation and inference. We illustrate the method using synthetic and real fMRI data.
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