The influence of alloying, temperature, and related effects on the stacking fault energy
The influence of alloying, temperature, and related effects on the stacking fault energy
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DOI：
10.1007/bf03038370
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发表时间：
1970-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Gallagher
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Gallagher
本文回顾了纯面心立方金属中堆垛层错能 (γ) 大小及其随合金化和温度变化的实验结果。定量研究主要涉及断层缺陷（扩展节点、外在-内在断层对、四面体）的电子显微镜观察或滚动纹理的确定，同时从X射线断层概率的测量中也获得了许多有价值的信息。人们对银、铜、镍基合金和不锈钢中 γ 随合金化的变化进行了广泛的测量，从中可以得出有关 γ 与各种溶质类型的成分依赖性的一般结论。一些高溶质浓度合金样品在室温变形后存在不规则的断层结构，这表明溶质/位错钉扎力可以对位错亚结构产生相当大的影响。对此类样品进行退火会降低子结构的不规则程度，并且通常会降低平均缺陷缺陷尺寸。这些变化似乎是由于通过热激活过程降低了溶质钉扎力的有效性，而不是由于 γ 对温度的强烈依赖性造成的。退火纯材料上缺陷尺寸的变化很可能仅由γ和弹性常数随温度的变化引起，并且银的结果表明γ/G几乎与温度无关。
The present paper reviews experimental results for the magnitude of the stacking fault energy (γ) in pure fcc metals, and its variation with alloying and with temperature. Quantitative studies have principally involved electron microscopic observations of faulted defects (extended nodes, extrinsic-intrinsic fault pairs, tetrahedra) or the determination of rolling textures, while much valuable information has also been obtained from measurements of the X-ray faulting probability. Extensive measurements of the variation of γ with alloying have been made in silver, copper, and nickel base alloys and in stainless steels, from which general conclusions can be drawn regarding the composition dependence of γ with various solute types. The presence of irregular faulted configurations in samples of some high solute concentration alloys following room temperature deformation suggests that solute/dislocation pinning forces can exert considerable influence on the dislocation substructure. Annealing such samples leads to a reduction in the degree of irregularity of the substructure and generally to a decrease in mean faulted defect size. These changes appear to be due to the reduction, through a thermally activated process, of the effectiveness of the solute pinning forces rather than as a result of a strong dependence of γ on temperature. The variation of faulted defect size on annealing pure materials is likely to arise solely from the variation with temperature of γ and the elastic constants, and results in silver indicate that γ/Gis approximately independent of temperature.