ENZYMES CONVERTING PROCOLLAGENS TO COLLAGENS
ENZYMES CONVERTING PROCOLLAGENS TO COLLAGENS
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DOI：
10.1002/jcb.240280104
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发表时间：
1985-01-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
RYHANEN, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
PELTONEN, L;HALILA, R;RYHANEN, L
从[人体]原胶原蛋白到胶原蛋白的转化是一个特定的过程，这是胶原蛋白分子正确排列以形成功能性纤维所必需的。该过程由至少3种结构和功能不同的酶催化，可切割I-III型胶原。裂解过程可能发生在最近发现的胶原蛋白类型中，目前尚不清楚。两个氨基端蛋白酶，一个切割I型和II型前胶原，另一个切割III型前胶原，纯化接近均匀性，羧基端蛋白酶的非特异性活性从多个组织中分离出来。在实验模型中，赖氨酸对ⅰ型和ⅲ型前胶原羧基末端前肽的裂解有不同的影响。这表明至少存在两种不同的酶来去除羧基末端的前肽。从前胶原到胶原的反应过程调控机制目前还不清楚。这一现象在纤维形成方面的重要性已被几项体外研究证明；在某些遗传疾病中，这一过程是有缺陷的，在体内证明了它的重要性。影响卵裂过程的因素可能对治疗异常胶原积累的病理过程（如纤维化）有潜在的益处。本文回顾了目前对转化酶的认识，包括本实验室最近的一些发现，以及为转化过程的生物学意义提出的证据。
Conversion from [human] procollagen to collagen is a specific process that is a requirement for proper alignment of collagen molecules to form functional fibers. This process is catalyzed by at least 3 structurally and functionally distinct enzymes cleaving collagen types I-III. The cleavage processes possibly taking place in the more recently discovered collagen types are not known to any extent at this time. Two amino-terminal proteinases, one cleaving type I and type II procollagens and the other cleaving type III procollagen, were purified close to homogeneity, and the more unspecific activity of carboxy-terminal proteinase was isolated from several tissues. In the experimental model cleavage of the carboxy-terminal propeptides of types I and III procollagen is differently affected by Lys. This suggests the presence of at least 2 distinct enzymes for the removal of carboxyl-terminal propeptides. The regulation of the reaction process from procollagen to collagen is not well known at present. The importance of the phenomenon in terms of fibril formation is demonstrated by several elegant studies in vitro; and certain genetic disorders in which this process is defective demonstrate the significance in vivo. The factors shown to effect the cleavage process may be potentially beneficial in the treatment of the pathological processes with abnormal collagen accumulation such as fibrosis. The current knowledge of the converting enzymes is reviewed, including some very recent findings of this laboratory as well as the evidence presented for the biological significance of the conversion process.