The role of the human hippocampus in familiarity-based and recollection-based recognition memory.
The role of the human hippocampus in familiarity-based and recollection-based recognition memory.
复制标题
人类海马体在基于熟悉度和基于回忆的识别记忆中的作用。
DOI：
10.1016/j.bbr.2010.04.020
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Squire,LarryR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wixted,JohnT;Squire,LarryR
识别先前遇到的刺激的能力取决于内侧颞叶的结构，并且被认为由两个过程支持：回忆和熟悉。近年来的研究焦点涉及这两个过程对海马体和内侧颞叶其他结构的依赖程度。一种观点认为海马体对这两个过程都很重要，而另一种观点认为海马体仅支持回忆过程，而鼻周皮层支持熟悉过程。一种方法是研究海马病变患者，并将新旧认知（可以通过熟悉程度支持）与自由回忆（可以通过回忆支持）进行对比。尽管一些早期的案例研究表明并非如此，但几项小组研究现在表明，海马体患者在旧/新识别和自由回忆方面表现出类似的损伤。这些发现表明海马体对于记忆和熟悉度都很重要。神经影像学研究和接受者操作特征分析最初也表明海马体专门负责记忆，但这些研究涉及强度混杂（强记忆与弱记忆进行比较）。当采取措施将强烈的基于回忆的记忆与强烈的基于熟悉的记忆进行比较，或以其他方式控制记忆强度时，熟悉信号（以及回忆信号）的证据在海马体中是明显的。这些发现表明，内侧颞叶的功能组织可能最好用与回忆和熟悉之间的区别无关的术语来理解。
The ability to recognize a previously encountered stimulus is dependent on the structures of the medial temporal lobe and is thought to be supported by two processes, recollection and familiarity. A focus of research in recent years concerns the extent to which these two processes depend on the hippocampus and on the other structures of the medial temporal lobe. One view holds that the hippocampus is important for both processes, whereas a different view holds that the hippocampus supports only the recollection process and the perirhinal cortex supports the familiarity process. One approach has been to study patients with hippocampal lesions and to contrast old/new recognition (which can be supported by familiarity) to free recall (which is supported by recollection). Despite some early case studies suggesting otherwise, several group studies have now shown that hippocampal patients exhibit comparable impairments on old/new recognition and free recall. These findings suggest that the hippocampus is important for both recollection and familiarity. Neuroimaging studies and Receiver Operating Characteristic analyses also initially suggested that the hippocampus was specialized for recollection, but these studies involved a strength confound (strong memories have been compared to weak memories). When steps are taken to compare strong recollection-based memories with strong familiarity-based memories, or otherwise control for memory strength, evidence for a familiarity signal (as well as a recollection signal) is evident in the hippocampus. These findings suggest that the functional organization of the medial temporal lobe is probably best understood in terms unrelated to the distinction between recollection and familiarity.