State firearm laws and rates of suicide in men and women
State firearm laws and rates of suicide in men and women
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DOI：
10.1016/s0749-3797(03)00212-5
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发表时间：
2003-11-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Zhong, YY
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conner, KR;Zhong, YY
背景：使用横断面设计评估州法律限制枪支与男性和女性自杀率之间的关系。方法：根据枪支法律的限制性将各州分为三类：限制性(n=8)、适度(n=22)和非限制性(n=20)。使用泊松回归分析对按性别分层的州自杀发生率进行了比较，该分析控制了种族/民族、收入和城市化的衡量标准。分析基于2000年的人口普查数据和1999年至2000年的州自杀数据。结果：在对妇女的分析中，与枪支法律限制的州相比，适度(IRR=1.64；95%可信区间[CI]，1.34-2.01)和不限制枪支法律的州(IRR=1.55；95%CI，1.23-1.95)的自杀率(IRR)较高。对男性的分析显示了类似的结果：适度的枪支法律(IRR=1.51；95%CI，1.27-1.79)；非限制性枪支法律(IRR=1.49；95%CI，1.23-1.82)。结论：结果支持国家对枪支的限制有可能降低自杀率的假设。研究结果不支持这样一种假设，即更严格的枪支限制与替代自杀方法相关。在男性和女性中，枪支似乎是自杀的相似风险。尽管男性比女性更有可能使用枪支自杀，但这种差异可能只是反映了男性更频繁地拥有枪支。
Background: To evaluate the associations of state laws restricting firearms and incidence rates of suicide in men and women using a cross-sectional design.Methods: States were divided into three categories based on the restrictiveness of their firearm laws: restrictive (n = 8); modest (n = 22); and unrestrictive (n = 20). State suicide incidence rates stratified by gender were compared using Poisson regression analyses that controlled for measures of race/ethnicity, income, and urbanization. Analyses were based on 2000 census data and state suicide data from 1999 and 2000.Results: In the analysis of women, compared to states with restrictive firearm laws, there were higher suicide incidence rate ratios (IRR) in states with modest (IRR = 1.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.34-2.01) and unrestrictive laws (IRR = 1.55; 95% CI, 1.23-1.95). The analysis of men showed comparable results: modest firearm laws (IRR = 1.51; 95% CI, 1.27-1.79); unrestrictive firearm laws (IRR = 1.49; 95% CI, 1.23-1.82).Conclusions: Results support the hypothesis that state restrictions on firearms have the potential to reduce the suicide rate. Findings do not support a hypothesis that greater firearm restrictions are associated with the substitution of alternative methods of suicide. Firearms appear to be a comparable exposure for suicide in men and women. Although men are more likely to use firearms in suicide than women, this difference may merely reflect more frequent gun ownership among men.