Variability in affective change among aging men: Longitudinal findings from the VA Normative Aging Study
Variability in affective change among aging men: Longitudinal findings from the VA Normative Aging Study
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jrp.2005.09.011
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发表时间：
2006-12-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Spiro, Avron, III
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Griffin, Paul W.;Mroczek, Daniel K.;Spiro, Avron, III
我们调查了1534名男性(平均年龄=69岁)在45岁至97岁期间积极和消极情绪的变化。积极情感随着年龄的增长呈线性下降，而消极情感在70岁左右逐渐下降，此后呈现逐渐增加的趋势。结果表明，积极和消极情绪的变化率存在显著的个体差异。然后，我们研究了个性、健康和工作状态是否可以解释影响水平和变化率的个体差异。更高的外倾性与更高的积极情绪水平相关，但与变化率无关。更高的神经质预示着更高的负面情绪水平，以及中年下降的减弱和成年后期的急剧增加。健康状况越好，积极情感的水平越高，消极情感的水平越低，但也发现消极情感的下降幅度较小。工作预测了较低水平的积极情绪和较高水平的负面情绪，以及更大程度的积极情绪下降。这些发现表明，随着时间的推移，个体在影响方面的变化方式是不同的。(C)2005 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
We examined change in both positive and negative affect over ages 45 to 97 among 1534 men (mean age=69 years). Positive affect demonstrated a linear decline with age, while negative affect declined until approximately 70 years, and thereafter showed a gradual increase. Results indicated significant individual differences in rates of change for both positive and negative affect. We then examined whether personality, health, and work status might account for individual differences in levels and rates of change in affect. Higher extraversion was associated with higher levels of positive affect, but not with rate of change. Higher neuroticism predicted higher levels of negative affect, as well as an attenuated decline in middle-adulthood, and a steeper increase in later adulthood. Better health was associated with higher levels of positive affect and lower levels of negative, but was also found to predict less decline in negative affect. Work predicted lower levels of positive affect and higher levels of negative affect, as well as greater declines in positive affect. These findings indicate that individuals differ in the manner in which they change in affect over time. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.