Size-dependent activity and selectivity of carbon dioxide photocatalytic reduction over platinum nanoparticles.

Size-dependent activity and selectivity of carbon dioxide photocatalytic reduction over platinum nanoparticles.
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二氧化碳光催化还原相对于铂纳米颗粒的尺寸依赖性活性和选择性

DOI:
10.1038/s41467-018-03666-2
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发表时间:
2018-03-28
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Zhang J
Zhang J
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dong C;Lian C;Hu S;Deng Z;Gong J;Li M;Liu H;Xing M;Zhang J

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铂纳米颗粒是光催化中最有效的助催化剂之一,其大小决定了催化反应的活性和选择性。然而,对于铂在二氧化碳光催化还原中的尺寸效应,目前还缺乏深入的了解。通过对可变尺寸铂纳米粒子的几何特征和电子性质的分析,我们发现铂纳米粒子在二氧化碳光催化还原活性和选择性方面都具有显著的尺寸效应。减小铂纳米粒子的尺寸可以提高电荷转移效率,从而提高二氧化碳光催化还原和析氢反应(HER)的活性,但会导致甲烷对氢的选择性更高。结合实验结果和理论计算,在铂纳米粒子中,阶地中心是甲烷生成的活性中心,而低配位中心则更有利于竞争中心。光驱动的二氧化碳转化为燃料提供了一种受自然启发的应对气候变化的战略,但材料如何做到这一点仍然是一个挑战。在这里,作者制备了金属-半导体复合材料,并发现铂-纳米颗粒的尺寸控制着燃料的选择性和活性。
Platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) are one of the most efficient cocatalysts in photocatalysis, and their size determines the activity and the selectivity of the catalytic reaction. Nevertheless, an in-depth understanding of the platinum’s size effect in the carbon dioxide photocatalytic reduction is still lacking. Through analyses of the geometric features and electronic properties with variable-sized Pt NPs, here we show a prominent size effect of Pt NPs in both the activity and selectivity of carbon dioxide photocatalytic reduction. Decreasing the size of Pt NPs promotes the charge transfer efficiency, and thus enhances both the carbon dioxide photocatalytic reduction and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity, but leads to higher selectivity towards hydrogen over methane. Combining experimental results and theoretical calculations, in Pt NPs, the terrace sites are revealed as the active sites for methane generation; meanwhile, the low-coordinated sites are more favorable in the competing HER. Light-driven carbon dioxide conversion into fuels provides a nature-inspired strategy to combat climate change, but how materials do so remains a challenge. Here, the authors prepare metal–semiconductor composites and find platinum-nanoparticle size controls fuel selectivity and activity.
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