The influence of depth and season on the benthic communities of a Macrocystis pyrifera forest in the Falkland Islands
The influence of depth and season on the benthic communities of a Macrocystis pyrifera forest in the Falkland Islands
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DOI：
10.1007/s00300-020-02662-x
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发表时间：
2020-04-09
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Brickle, Paul
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beaton, Emma C.;Kupper, Frithjof C.;Brickle, Paul
关于福克兰群岛Macrocystis pyrifera森林中无脊椎动物群落生态的资料很少。事实上，影响多样性、分布和群落结构的因素在这里从未被研究过。从2009年夏季到2010年春季，在福克兰群岛Kidney岛海岸外的三个深度层（浅5-10 m;中10-15 m;深15-20 m），沿沿着三个20 m的永久样带采集底栖摄影样方。调查期间共记录到10门21纲146个分类群，其中以无柄类和游动类最丰富，分别为螺虫和寄居蟹Pagurus comptus。群落结构受深度的影响，物种丰富度在中深度层最高，浅、深层群落差异明显。季节对群落结构的影响是明显的，虽然不是一个强大的因素，深度。春季和夏季是最丰富的物种，表现出浅的巴塔哥尼亚的潮下带地区的差异，据报道，物种丰富度是最高的南方秋季和冬季。还研究了个别类群丰度的基底和深度的影响。这项研究首次描述了福克兰群岛浅岩礁的动物群和植物群，描述了这些群落在小的空间和时间尺度上的变化。这次调查的结果有助于更好地了解福克兰群岛浅水底栖环境的生态模式，并增加了对南大西洋海洋地理学的了解。
Information on the ecology of invertebrate communities populating Macrocystis pyrifera forests in the Falkland Islands is scarce. Indeed, the factors influencing diversity, distribution and community structure have never been studied here. Benthic photoquadrats were collected along three permanent 20 m transects at three depth strata (shallow 5-10 m; middle 10-15 m; deep 15-20 m) off the coast of Kidney Island, Falkland Islands from Austral summer 2009 to Austral spring 2010. 146 taxa comprising 10 phyla and 21 classes were recorded during the surveys, with the most abundant sessile and vagile taxa being Spirorbinid worms and the hermit crab Pagurus comptus, respectively. Community structure was influenced by depth, with highest species richness in the middle depth stratum, and strong contrasts between the communities in the shallow and deep depth strata. Influence of season on community structure was evident, though not as strong a factor as depth. Spring and summer months were most species rich, demonstrating a difference between the shallow subtidal regions of Patagonia where species richness was reported to be highest in Austral autumn and winter. The effect of substrate and depth was also investigated for the abundance of individual taxa. This study provides the first description of the fauna and flora of shallow rocky reefs in the Falkland Islands, describing how these communities change over small spatial and temporal scales. The outcomes of this investigation contribute to better understanding ecological patterns of the Falklands shallow benthic environments and adds knowledge to the biogeography of the South Atlantic.