Perceived social support in a large community sample - Age and sex differences
Perceived social support in a large community sample - Age and sex differences
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DOI：
10.1007/s00127-004-0795-8
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发表时间：
2004-08-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Martin, NG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coventry, WL;Gillespie, NA;Martin, NG
背景。自20世纪70年代末以来，社会支持对健康和福祉的积极影响一直在文献中得到证实。然而，需要更好地了解年龄和性别的影响。方法。我们在一个基于社区的样本中检验了Kessler的感知社会支持（KPSS）测量的因素结构和可靠性，该样本包括来自澳大利亚双胞胎登记处（ATR）的年轻人和老年人队列，共有11,389名18-95岁的男性和女性，其中887人在25个月后重新测试。结果。因子分析一致确定了七个因素：配偶、双胞胎、孩子、父母、亲戚、朋友的支持和帮助支持。七个维度的内部信度范围为0.87 ~ 0.71，重测信度范围为0.75 ~ 0.48。感知到的支持在女性中只略微高一些。研究了年龄依赖性。在整个年龄范围内，来自配偶、父母和朋友的感知支持略有下降（女性更明显），男性的感知亲属和帮助支持略有增加，但女性没有，男性和女性的感知儿童支持大幅增加，女性的总KPSS下降可以忽略不计，而男性的增加可以忽略不计。来自双胞胎的感知支持保持不变。女性更有可能拥有知己，尽管这一比例随着年龄的增长而下降，而男性则随着年龄的增长而增加。结论。感知社会支持的总分在不同年龄和性别的子量表上合并了不同的模式。我们的论文在一个非常大的澳大利亚样本中详细描述了这些关系。
Background. The positive health and wellbeing effects of social support have been consistently demonstrated in the literature since the late 1970s. However, a better understanding of the effects of age and sex is required. Method. We examined the factor structure and reliability of Kessler's Perceived Social Support (KPSS) measure in a community-based sample that comprised younger and older adult cohorts from the Australian Twin Registry (ATR), totalling 11,389 males and females aged 18-95, of whom 887 were retested 25 months later. Results. Factor analysis consistently identified seven factors: support from spouse, twin, children, parents, relatives, friends and helping support. Internal reliability for the seven dimensions ranged from 0.87 to 0.71 and test-retest reliability ranged from 0.75 to 0.48. Perceived support was only marginally higher in females. Age dependencies were explored. Across the age range, there was a slight decline (more marked in females) in the perceived support from spouse, parent and friend, a slight increase in perceived relative and helping support for males but none for females, a substantial increase in the perceived support from children for males and females and a negligible decline in total KPSS for females against a negligible increase for males. The perceived support from twin remained constant. Females were more likely to have a confidant, although this declined with age whilst increasing with age for males. Conclusions. Total scores for perceived social support conflate heterogeneous patterns on sub-scales that differ markedly by age and sex. Our paper describes these relationships in detail in a very large Australian sample.