The ventromedial prefrontal cortex and emotion regulation: lost in translation?
The ventromedial prefrontal cortex and emotion regulation: lost in translation?
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DOI：
10.1113/jp282627
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发表时间：
2023-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Roberts, Angela C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alexander, Laith;Wood, Christian M.;Roberts, Angela C.
神经影像学研究表明，腹内侧前额叶皮质 (vmPFC) 与多种情绪和认知功能有关，并且 vmPFC 内活动的变化与抑郁症的病因和成功治疗有关。然而，这是一个巨大的结构异质性区域，这种结构异质性在多大程度上反映了功能异质性仍不清楚。对动物的因果研究应该有助于解决这个问题，但试图将啮齿类动物 vmPFC 研究的结果映射到人类成像研究上，突显了结构同源性和功能类比之间的跨物种差异。为了弥补这一差距，最近对狨猴（一种新世界猴，其 vmPFC 的整体组织更像人类而不是啮齿类动物）的研究表明，vmPFC 尾部胼胝体下区域（区域 25，而不是邻近的区域 32）的过度激活，会增强对负价刺激的反应性，同时减弱对正价刺激的反应性。这些同时发生的状态类似于抑郁症患者中所见的状态，这与尾部胼胝体下区域的活动增加有关。相比之下，在啮齿类动物结构同源区域过度激活后，仅观察到奖励减弱，而不是威胁反应性增强。为了进一步加深对 vmPFC 在抑郁症病因和治疗中的作用的理解，未来的工作应重点关注 vmPFC 区域发挥作用的行为特定网络，以及跨物种相似性和功能差异的表征。 摘要图例非人类灵长类动物在弥合人类腹内侧前额叶皮层 (vmPFC) 相关功能神经影像研究与啮齿类动物前边缘 (PL) 和下边缘 (IL) 皮层干预研究之间的转化鸿沟方面的价值，以了解情绪和焦虑障碍的病因和治疗。
Neuroimaging studies implicate the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) in a wide range of emotional and cognitive functions, and changes in activity within vmPFC have been linked to the aetiology and successful treatment of depression. However, this is a large, structurally heterogeneous region and the extent to which this structural heterogeneity reflects functional heterogeneity remains unclear. Causal studies in animals should help address this question but attempts to map findings from vmPFC studies in rodents onto human imaging studies highlight cross‐species discrepancies between structural homology and functional analogy. Bridging this gap, recent studies in marmosets – a species of new world monkey in which the overall organization of vmPFC is more like humans than that of rodents – have revealed that over‐activation of the caudal subcallosal region of vmPFC, area 25, but not neighbouring area 32, heightens reactivity to negatively valenced stimuli whilst blunting responsivity to positively valenced stimuli. These co‐occurring states resemble those seen in depressed patients, which are associated with increased activity in caudal subcallosal regions. In contrast, only reward blunting but not heightening of threat reactivity is seen following over‐activation of the structurally homologous region in rodents. To further advance understanding of the role of vmPFC in the aetiology and treatment of depression, future work should focus on the behaviourally specific networks by which vmPFC regions have their effects, together with characterization of cross‐species similarities and differences in function. Abstract figure legend The value of non‐human primates in bridging the translational divide between correlative functional neuroimaging studies of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) in humans and intervention studies of prelimbic (PL) and infralimbic (IL) cortex in rodents with a view to understanding the aetiology and treatment of mood and anxiety disorders.