Dietary Flavonoids from Modified Apple Reduce Inflammation Markers and Modulate Gut Microbiota in Mice
Dietary Flavonoids from Modified Apple Reduce Inflammation Markers and Modulate Gut Microbiota in Mice
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DOI：
10.3945/jn.113.182659
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发表时间：
2014-02-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Hellens, Roger P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Espley, Richard V.;Butts, Christine A.;Hellens, Roger P.
苹果富含多酚，可提供抗氧化性能，调节炎症等细胞过程，调节肠道微生物区系。在这项研究中，我们比较了含有更多类黄酮[髓母细胞转录因子10(MYB10)]的转基因苹果与来自相同基因“Royal Gala”(RG)的未转化苹果，以及不含苹果的对照饮食。与RG饲料相比，MYB10饲料中的黄酮亚类花青素、黄醇单体(表儿茶素)和低聚物(原花青素82)以及黄酮醇(槲皮素苷)的浓度升高，但其他植物次生代谢物基本没有变化。在两次小鼠饲养试验中，我们使用这些苹果来研究饮食中类黄酮对炎症和肠道微生物区系的影响。在实验1中，雄性小鼠饲喂对照饲料或添加20%MYB10苹果果皮(MYB-FP)或RG苹果果皮(RG-FP)的饲料7d，在实验2中，饲喂MYB-FP或RG-FP饲料或添加20%MYB10苹果果肉或RG苹果果肉7d或21d，实验1小鼠炎症相关基因转录水平下降；在第7天，MYB-FP组的白细胞介素2受体(II2rb)、趋化因子受体2(CCR2)、趋化因子配体10(CxCl10)和趋化因子受体10(Ccr10)的表达是RG-FP组的2倍(P<；005)。在实验2中，第21天喂食MYB-FP饲料的小鼠血浆中炎症标志物前列腺素E-2(PGE(2))比RG-FP饲料低10倍(P<；0.01)。在肠道微生物区系中，饲喂MYB-FP饲料的小鼠在21d时的细菌总数比饲喂对照饲料的小鼠高6%(P=0.01)。总而言之，当喂食健康的小鼠时，高黄酮类苹果与一些炎症标志物的减少和肠道微生物区系的变化有关。
Apples are rich in polyphenols, which provide antioxidant properties, mediation of cellular processes such as inflammation, and modulation of gut microbiota. In this study we compared genetically engineered apples with increased flavonoids [myeloblastis transcription factor 10 (MYB10)] with nontransformed apples from the same genotype, "Royal Gala" (RG), and a control diet with no apple. Compared with the RG diet, the MYB10 diet contained elevated concentrations of the flavonoid subclasses anthocyanins, flavanol monomers (epicatechin) and oligomers (procyanidin 82), and flavonols (quercetin glycosides), but other plant secondary metabolites were largely unaltered. We used these apples to investigate the effects of dietary flavonoids on inflammation and gut microbiota in 2 mouse feeding trials. In trial 1, male mice were fed a control diet or diets supplemented with 20% MYB10 apple flesh and peel (MYB-FP) or RG apple flesh and peel (RG-FP) for 7 d. In trial 2, male mice were fed MYB-FP or RG-FP diets or diets supplemented with 20% MYB10 apple flesh or RG apple flesh for 7 or 21 d. In trial 1, the transcription levels of inflammation-linked genes in mice showed decreases of > 2-fold for interleukin-2 receptor (II2rb), chemokine receptor 2 (Ccr2), chemokine ligand 10 (Cxcl10), and chemokine receptor 10 (Ccr10) at 7 d for the MYB-FP diet compared with the RG-FP diet (P < 0 05). In trial 2, the inflammation marker prostaglandin E-2 (PGE(2)) in the plasma of mice fed the MYB-FP diet at 21 d was reduced by 10-fold (P < 0.01) compared with the RG-FP diet. In colonic microbiota, the number of total bacteria for mice fed the MYB-FP diet was 6% higher than for mice fed the control diet at 21 d (P = 0.01). In summary, high-flavonoid apple was associated with decreases in some inflammation markers and changes in gut microbiota when fed to healthy mice.