The influence of microbiota-derived metabolites on viral infections.

The influence of microbiota-derived metabolites on viral infections.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.coviro.2021.05.006
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发表时间:
2021-08
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学2区
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--
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肠道微生物群对局部和全身的病毒感染具有深远的影响。虽然它们可以直接影响肠道病毒感染,但也越来越多地认识到微生物衍生的代谢物在调节病毒感染中的作用。由于代谢物扩散穿过肠上皮并进入循环,它们可以影响宿主对肠外部位病原体的反应。本文综述了三种微生物代谢产物对病毒感染的影响。虽然短链脂肪酸用于调节与病毒感染相关的炎症程度,但类黄酮脱氨基酪氨酸和胆汁酸通常调节干扰素应答。出现的一个共同主题是微生物衍生的代谢物可以具有前病毒和抗病毒作用,这取决于所讨论的病毒。了解微生物群衍生的代谢物影响病毒感染的分子机制以及这些反应的高度条件性,应为开发新型合理的抗病毒药物铺平道路。
Intestinal microbiota have profound effects on viral infections locally and systemically. While they can directly influence enteric virus infections, there is also an increasing appreciation for the role of microbiota-derived metabolites in regulating virus infections. Because metabolites diffuse across the intestinal epithelium and enter circulation, they can influence host response to pathogens at extraintestinal sites. In this review, we summarize the effects of three types of microbiota-derived metabolites on virus infections. While short-chain fatty acids serve to regulate the extent of inflammation associated with viral infections, the flavonoid desaminotyrosine and bile acids generally regulate interferon responses. A common theme that emerges is that microbiota-derived metabolites can have proviral and antiviral effects depending on the virus in question. Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which microbiota-derived metabolites impact viral infections and the highly conditional nature of these responses should pave the way to developing novel rational antivirals.
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