Microbe-mediated plant-soil feedback causes historical contingency effects in plant community assembly
Microbe-mediated plant-soil feedback causes historical contingency effects in plant community assembly
复制标题
DOI：
10.1890/06-0502
复制
发表时间：
2007-05-01
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
van der Putten, Wim H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kardol, Paul;Cornips, Nelleke J.;van der Putten, Wim H.
植物-土壤反馈影响植物个体的生产性能和竞争能力。然而，植物-土壤反馈在历史偶然性过程和植物群落动态中的重要性在很大程度上是未知的。在微观世界中，我们测试了六个早期演替植物物种的次生演替的耕地诱导植物特异性的变化，土壤群落组成。经过一个生长周期的调节土壤群落，土壤反馈效应进行了评估，植物在土壤中的表现，自己相比，土壤从其他五个早期演替物种的混合物。性能进行了测试，在单一栽培和混合社区与异种竞争中期演替物种。土壤微生物的作用是通过从土壤群落中分离微生物组分，将微生物重新接种到无菌基质中，并分析演替早期和中期物种的植物生物量响应来确定的。植物-土壤反馈反应的早期演替物种是负的，显着增加时，植物生长在一个竞争环境中与他的物种。在单一栽培中，三个早期演替物种经历了负反馈，在土壤中的同种的历史，而所有的早期演替物种经历了负反馈时，种间竞争的增长。有趣的是，规范杂类小飞蓬表现出最弱的土壤反馈效应。早期演替植物物种的生物量生产大大减少了微生物接种，最强烈的是当暴露于同种来源的接种。真菌和细菌根际群落的分子特征揭示了植物生物量生产和优势真菌物种组成之间的关系。此外，我们的研究结果表明，在早期的次生演替，早期演替的植物物种引起的土壤微生物群落组成的变化，造成历史的偶然性影响，在中期演替植物群落的优势格局。我们的结论是早期演替植物物种和土壤微生物之间的反馈可以发挥至关重要的作用，打破早期演替植物群落的优势。此外，对土壤微生物群落组成的影响也影响了演替中期植物群落的动态。这些结果揭示了新的光如何在一个演替阶段的植物和土壤生物之间的反馈效应导致生物遗产效应，影响植物群落过程中随后的演替阶段。
Plant-soil feedback affects performance and competitive ability of individual plants. However, the importance of plant-soil feedback in historical contingency processes and plant community dynamics is largely unknown. In microcosms, we tested how six early-successional plant species of secondary succession on ex-arable land induced plant-specific changes in soil community composition. Following one growth cycle of conditioning the soil community, soil feedback effects were assessed as plant performance in soil of their own as compared to soil from a mixture of the other five early-successional species. Performance was tested in monocultures and in mixed communities with heterospecific competition from mid-successional species. The role of soil microorganisms was determined by isolating the microbial component from the soil community, re-inoculating microorganisms into sterilized substrate, and analyzing plant biomass responses of the early-and mid-successional species. Plant-soil feedback responses of the early-successional species were negative and significantly increased when the plants were grown in a competitive environment with he tero specifics. In monocultures, three early-successional species experienced negative feedback in soil with a history of conspecifics, while all early-successional species experienced negative feedback when grown with interspecific competition. Interestingly, the normative forb Conyza canadensis showed the weakest soil feedback effect. Biomass production of the early-successional plant species was profoundly reduced by the microbial inocula, most strongly when exposed to inocula of conspecific origin. Molecular characterization of the fungal and bacterial rhizosphere communities revealed a relationship between plant biomass production and the composition of the dominant fungal species. Furthermore, our results show that, in early secondary succession, the early-successional plant species induce changes in the soil microbial community composition that cause historical contingency effects in dominance patterns of mid-succession plant communities. We conclude that feedback between early-successional plant species and soil microorganisms can play a crucial role in breaking dominance of early-successional plant communities. Moreover the influences on soil microorganism community composition influenced plant community dynamics in the mid-successional plant communities. These results shed new light on how feedback effects between plants and soil organisms in one successional stage result in a biotic legacy effect, which influences plant community processes in subsequent successional stages.