Genetic Data Suggests that the Jinggouzi People are Associated With the Donghu, an Ancient Nomadic Group of North China
Genetic Data Suggests that the Jinggouzi People are Associated With the Donghu, an Ancient Nomadic Group of North China
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DOI：
10.3378/027.084.0402
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发表时间：
2012-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhou, Hui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wang, Haijing;Chen, Lu;Zhou, Hui
游牧民族不仅在中国历史上，而且在世界许多国家的历史上都发挥了重要作用。由于他们没有书面语言，研究这些人的一个重要方面就是发现他们的坟墓。人们普遍认为，匈奴是公元前3世纪由游牧部落创建的第一个帝国。然而，在井沟子遗址发掘之前，由于材料的限制，关于同时期另一个繁荣的游牧部落东胡的种群遗传信息很少。为了测试该遗址古人的遗传特征，探讨井沟子与东胡人之间的关系，对该遗址位于中国北方、距今约2500年前的42具人类遗骸进行了两个单亲遗传标记的分析。利用古代DNA技术，利用线粒体DNA和Y染色体单核苷酸多态性鉴定出4个线粒体DNA单倍群（D、G、C和M10）和1个Y染色体单倍群（C）。这些单倍群在北亚和东亚很常见。井沟子人在古代人群中最接近鲜卑人，在现存人群中最接近鄂伦春人，他们都是游牧民族。这可能表明古代井沟子人是游牧民族。同时，根据遗传资料和考古证据，我们推测井沟子人与东胡人有联系。追溯东胡部落的历史，对了解古代游牧社会有一定的价值。
Nomadic populations have played a significant role in the history of not only China but also in many nations worldwide. Because they had no written language, an important aspect in the study of these people is the discovery of their tombs. It has been generally accepted that Xiongnu was the first empire created by a nomadic tribe in the 3rd century BC. However, little population genetic information is available concerning the Donghu, another flourishing nomadic tribe at the same period because of the restriction of materials until the Jinggouzi site was excavated. In order to test the genetic characteristics of ancient people in this site and to explore the relationship between Jinggouzis and Donghus, two uniparentally inherited markers were analyzed from 42 human remains in this site, which was located in northern China, dated approximately 2500 years ago. With ancient DNA technology, four mtDNA haplogroups (D, G, C, and M10) and one Y chromosome haplogroup (C) were identified using mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome single nucleotide polymorphisms. Those haplogroups are common in North Asia and East Asia. The Jinggouzi people were genetically closest to the Xianbeis in ancient populations and to the Oroqens among extant populations, who were all pastoralists. This might indicate that ancient Jinggouzi people were nomads. Meanwhile, according to the genetic data and the evidences in archaeology, we inferred that Jinggouzi people were associated with Donghu. It is of much value to trace the history of the Donghu tribe and this might show some insight into the ancient nomadic society.