Context-dependence of fungal community responses to dominant tree mycorrhizal types in Northern hardwood forests
Context-dependence of fungal community responses to dominant tree mycorrhizal types in Northern hardwood forests
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DOI：
10.1016/j.soilbio.2023.108971
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发表时间：
2023-02
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
A. Eagar;K. Smemo;Richard P Phillips;C. Blackwood
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Eagar;K. Smemo;Richard P Phillips;C. Blackwood
优势树木群落菌根协会可以影响土壤生物地球化学和养分循环，这表明菌根在塑造地下微生物群落组成和功能中的突出作用。然而，优势树种的菌根类型与自然环境梯度相互作用影响地下微生物群落的程度尚不清楚。同样，目前还不清楚，如果社区一级的菌根协会可以影响当地的微生物群落遇到的个别树通过溢出效应。为了解决这些问题，我们研究了真菌群落从土壤，根，叶凋落物周围的个别丛枝（AM）和外生菌根（ECM）树嵌入树菌根优势的梯度从三个气候不同的位置在阿迪朗达克山脉，纽约州，美国。我们发现，占主导地位的树木菌根类型与站点位置的相互作用，以解释更多的变化，真菌群落组成，丰富度和功能比特定的土壤性质，如pH值。这一发现是一致的所有三个样本类型，但土壤相关的真菌表现出最大量的可解释的变化相比，根和叶凋落物相关的真菌。植物病原体的相对丰度是特别敏感的树菌根优势，增加与AM优势周围的个别AM树木，但不是周围ECM树在同一森林。这些“菌根溢出”的影响AM树木也最强，在我们最温暖，最干燥的网站和最弱的，在我们最凉爽，最潮湿的网站，表明菌根溢出的强度是上下文相关的混合菌根森林。
Dominant tree community mycorrhizal associations can influence soil biogeochemistry and nutrient cycling, suggesting a prominent role of mycorrhizas in shaping belowground microbial community composition and function. The degree to which the mycorrhizal type of dominant trees interacts with natural environmental gradients to influence belowground microbial communities is, however, unclear. Likewise, it is unknown if community-level mycorrhizal associations can influence the local microbial community encountered by an individual tree through spillover effects. To address these questions, we studied fungal communities from soil, roots, and leaf litter surrounding individual arbuscular (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) trees embedded in gradients of tree mycorrhizal dominance from three climatically distinct locations in the Adirondack Mountains, NY, USA. We found that dominant tree mycorrhizal types interact with site location to explain more variation in fungal community composition, richness, and function than specific soil properties, such as pH. This finding was consistent for all three sample types, but soil-associated fungi demonstrated the largest amount of explainable variation compared to root- and leaf litter-associated fungi. The relative abundance of plant pathogens was especially responsive to tree mycorrhizal dominance, increasing with AM dominance around individual AM trees but not around ECM trees in the same forests. These “mycorrhizal-spillover” effects on AM trees were also strongest in our warmest, driest site and weakest in our coolest, wettest site, indicating that the strength of mycorrhizal spillover is context-dependent in mixed-mycorrhizal forests.