Reflections on a Science and Technology Agenda for 21st Century Disaster Risk Reduction
Reflections on a Science and Technology Agenda for 21st Century Disaster Risk Reduction
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s13753-016-0081-x
复制
发表时间：
2016-03-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Yeung, Tiffany
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aitsi-Selmi, Amina;Murray, Virginia;Yeung, Tiffany
2016年1月，联合国2015年后里程碑式协议（《2015-2030年仙台减少灾害风险框架》、可持续发展目标、气候变化巴黎协定）的第一次国际会议召开，讨论了科学技术在实施《2015-2030年仙台减少灾害风险框架》中的作用。联合国国际减少灾害战略关于实施《2015-2030年仙台减少灾害风险框架》的科学和技术会议旨在讨论和批准在未来15年内最大限度地发挥科学对减少灾害风险和损失的贡献的计划，并汇集产生和使用减少灾害风险科学和技术的各种利益攸关方。本文描述了科学和技术在政策过程中的作用的演变，建立了仙台框架的通过，导致在2015年3月由187个联合国成员国商定并于2015年6月由联合国大会批准的文本中前所未有地强调科学。本文总结了会议组织委员会和团队的贡献，包括会议概念说明和涉及广泛科学家和决策者的会议讨论。会议强调了伙伴关系和网络如何能够推动多学科研究并将科学、政策和实践结合起来;如何理解灾害风险，以及如何评估风险和设计预警系统;需要哪些数据、标准和创新做法来衡量和报告减少风险的情况;存在哪些研究和能力差距，以及如何克服在创造和利用科学促进有效减少灾害风险方面的困难。科学和技术会议取得了两项主要成果：（1）启动了联合国减灾战略科学和技术伙伴关系，以实施仙台框架;（2）就联合国减灾战略到2030年科学和技术路线图的内容和批准程序进行了讨论并达成一致。
The first international conference for the post-2015 United Nations landmark agreements (Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, Sustainable Development Goals, and Paris Agreement on Climate Change) was held in January 2016 to discuss the role of science and technology in implementing the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030. The UNISDR Science and Technology Conference on the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 aimed to discuss and endorse plans that maximize science's contribution to reducing disaster risks and losses in the coming 15 years and bring together the diversity of stakeholders producing and using disaster risk reduction (DRR) science and technology. This article describes the evolution of the role of science and technology in the policy process building up to the Sendai Framework adoption that resulted in an unprecedented emphasis on science in the text agreed on by 187 United Nations member states in March 2015 and endorsed by the United Nations General Assembly in June 2015. Contributions assembled by the Conference Organizing Committee and teams including the conference concept notes and the conference discussions that involved a broad range of scientists and decision makers are summarized in this article. The conference emphasized how partnerships and networks can advance multidisciplinary research and bring together science, policy, and practice; how disaster risk is understood, and how risks are assessed and early warning systems are designed; what data, standards, and innovative practices would be needed to measure and report on risk reduction; what research and capacity gaps exist and how difficulties in creating and using science for effective DRR can be overcome. The Science and Technology Conference achieved two main outcomes: (1) initiating the UNISDR Science and Technology Partnership for the implementation of the Sendai Framework; and (2) generating discussion and agreement regarding the content and endorsement process of the UNISDR Science and Technology Road Map to 2030.