The within-host dynamics of infection in trans-generationally primed flour beetles.
The within-host dynamics of infection in trans-generationally primed flour beetles.
复制标题
跨代引发的面粉甲虫感染的宿主内动态。
DOI：
10.1111/mec.14088
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Graham,AndreaL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tate,AnnT;Andolfatto,Peter;Demuth,JefferyP;Graham,AndreaL
许多分类群表现出在初次微生物暴露后启动的塑性免疫应答，这提供了针对疾病诱导的死亡率和感染的适应性成本的增加的保护。在一些节肢动物物种中，这种保护甚至可以通过一种称为跨代免疫启动的现象从父母传递给后代。在这里，我们首先证明了跨代启动是一个可重复的现象，在面粉甲虫（赤拟谷盗）引发和感染苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bt）。然后，我们通过监测细菌密度和使用mRNA-seq来分析宿主基因表达，分别在急性感染期间，量化感染的后代中微生物和宿主生理反应的宿主内动态。我们发现，引发增加诱导抗Bt围绕一个关键的时间节点，主机败血症的轨迹，因此生存，可以确定在未引发的个人。我们的研究结果确定了一个高度差异表达的引发生物标志物，包含EIF 4-e结构域，在未感染的个体，以及其他几个候选基因。此外，随着时间的推移，基因表达的诱导和衰减动力学表明在启动个体中的代谢转变。所确定的细菌和基因表达动态可能会影响自然种群中细菌适应性和疾病传播的模式。
Many taxa exhibit plastic immune responses initiated after primary microbial exposure that provide increased protection against disease‐induced mortality and the fitness costs of infection. In several arthropod species, this protection can even be passed from parents to offspring through a phenomenon called trans‐generational immune priming. Here, we first demonstrate that trans‐generational priming is a repeatable phenomenon in flour beetles (Tribolium castaneum) primed and infected withBacillus thuringiensis(Bt). We then quantify the within‐host dynamics of microbes and host physiological responses in infected offspring from primed and unprimed mothers by monitoring bacterial density and using mRNA‐seq to profile host gene expression, respectively, over the acute infection period. We find that priming increases inducible resistance against Bt around a critical temporal juncture where host septicaemic trajectories, and consequently survival, may be determined in unprimed individuals. Our results identify a highly differentially expressed biomarker of priming, containing an EIF4‐e domain, in uninfected individuals, as well as several other candidate genes. Moreover, the induction and decay dynamics of gene expression over time suggest a metabolic shift in primed individuals. The identified bacterial and gene expression dynamics are likely to influence patterns of bacterial fitness and disease transmission in natural populations.