Experimental hydrocephalus
Experimental hydrocephalus
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DOI：
10.1097/00000658-191908000-00001
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发表时间：
1919-07-01
影响因子：
9
通讯作者：
Dandy, WE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dandy, WE
通过精确的实验方法产生的所有类型的脑积水最终揭开了特发性的面纱，并揭示了脑积水是一种具有明确病因学和病理学的疾病。脑积水可以通过实验产生的第一个证据被纳入 Blackfan 在 19I3 的一篇文章中。 1 研究表明，当将一个微小的阻塞体放入狗的西尔维乌斯导水管中时，靠近阻塞部位的所有脑室都会扩张；在远端，第四脑室的大小没有改变。次年，Thomas 2 发表了额外的实验证据，证明脑积水是由阻塞引起的。将 aleuronat 颗粒注射到侧脑室后，侧脑室被堵塞；颗粒的组织导致开口完全闭塞。早在 18 世纪中叶，Haller、Brunner 和 Littre 就将脑室内容物通过垂体流出受阻视为脑积水的原因。这种阻塞理论只能被认为是异想天开，因为当时心室的正常内容物是蒸汽而不是液体。垂体被错误地视为脑室中蒸汽逸出的主要途径。
THE production of all types of hydrocephalus by precise experimental methods finally lifts the idiopathic veil and reveals hydrocephalus as a dis-ease with a clearly defined etiology and pathology. The first evidence that hydrocephalus could be experimentally produced was incorporated in an article with Blackfan in 19I3. 1 It was demonstrated that when a tiny obstructing body was introduced into the aqueduct of Sylvius of a dog, all the cerebral ventricles proximal to the occlusion became dilated; distally, the size of the-fourth ventricle was not changed. The following year, Thomas 2 published additional experimental evidence that hydrocephalus was caused by obstruction. Following the injection of aleuronat granules into the lateral ventricles, the iter became plugged; organization of the granules resulted in total occlusion of the opening. and hydro-cephalus followed.As early as the middle of the eighteenth century, Haller, Brunner and Littre looked upon an obstruction to the outflow of the ventricular contents through the pituitary body as the cause of hydrocephalus. Such a theory of obstruction can only be regarded as fanciful, since vapor and not fluid was at that time regarded as the normal content of the ventricles; the pituitary body was erroneously regarded as the main avenue of escape for the vapor inthe ventricles.