Characterization of the Ultrasound Localization Microscopy Resolution Limit in the Presence of Image Degradation.
Characterization of the Ultrasound Localization Microscopy Resolution Limit in the Presence of Image Degradation.
复制标题
存在图像退化时超声定位显微镜分辨率极限的表征。
DOI：
10.1109/tuffc.2021.3112074
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pinton,GianmarcoF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McCall,JacobR;Dayton,PaulA;Pinton,GianmarcoF
超声定位显微镜（乌尔姆）已经能够克服超声成像的衍射极限。乌尔姆的分辨率极限先前已使用Cramér-Rao下限（CRLB）建模。虽然该模型已在均匀介质中得到验证，但它估计了一个尚未在体内验证的分辨率极限。在这项工作中，我们研究了三个来源的图像退化的乌尔姆的分辨率限制的影响。使用Fullwave模拟工具模拟经腹深度对比增强数据的采集。研究了混响杂波、拖尾杂波和相位畸变的影响。的分辨率限制，在混响杂波单独存在下，经验测量是高达39倍更糟的轴向尺寸和高达2.1倍更糟的横向尺寸比CRLB预测的限制。虽然混响杂波对分辨率有各向同性的影响，但拖尾杂波在所有信号与拖尾杂波比（STCR）上对两个维度都有恒定的影响。在研究的分析范围内，相位畸变对分离度限度有显著影响。相位像差单独退化的分辨率极限高达70和160的横向和轴向尺寸，分别。这些结果说明了相位畸变校正和杂波滤波在乌尔姆后处理中的重要性。分析结果通过模拟乌尔姆工艺应用于横管模型得到证实，该横管模型被上述三种降解源降解。
Ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) has been able to overcome the diffraction limit of ultrasound imaging. The resolution limit of ULM has been previously modeled using the Cramér–Rao lower bound (CRLB). While this model has been validated in a homogeneous medium, it estimates a resolution limit, which has not yet been achievedin vivo. In this work, we investigated the effects of three sources of image degradation on the resolution limit of ULM. The Fullwave simulation tool was used to simulate acquisitions of transabdominal contrast-enhanced data at depth. The effects of reverberation clutter, trailing clutter, and phase aberration were studied. The resolution limit, in the presence of reverberation clutter alone, was empirically measured to be up to 39 times worse in the axial dimension and up to 2.1 times worse in the lateral dimension than the limit predicted by the CRLB. While reverberation clutter had an isotropic impact on the resolution, trailing clutter had a constant impact on both dimensions across all signal-to-trailing-clutter ratios (STCR). Phase aberration had a significant impact on the resolution limit over the studied analysis ranges. Phase aberration alone degraded the resolution limit up to 70 and 160in the lateral and axial dimensions, respectively. These results illustrate the importance of phase aberration correction and clutter filtering in ULM postprocessing. The analysis results were demonstrated through the simulation of the ULM process applied to a cross-tube model that was degraded by each of the three aforementioned sources of degradation.