Protocol analysis and Verbal Reports on Thinking
Protocol analysis and Verbal Reports on Thinking
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协议分析和思维口头报告
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Hamlyn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Hamlyn
当心理学在19世纪末作为一门科学出现时，大多数心理学家都对意识感兴趣。他们试图通过内省分析来检查他们的思想和主观经验的结构和要素。在几十年内，内省的方法就不可信了，内省的描述被拒绝作为科学证据。心理学不再研究个体对自己思想和第一手经验的描述，而是专注于观察其他成年人在实验室中如何完成任务。对内省的拒绝使对思维的研究实际上陷入了停顿，直到20世纪50年代的S，计算机等技术创新导致了心理现象的认知和信息加工理论的出现。在研究思维过程的新研究方法中，受试者被要求“大声思考”，这导致了一种不同于早期自省方法的新型口头思维报告，并成为协议分析的核心方法。
When Psychology emerged as a scientific discipline at of the end of the 19th century, the majority of psychologists were interested in consciousness. They sought to examine the structure and elements of their thoughts and subjective experiences through introspective analysis. Within a few decades, the introspective method was discredited, and introspective descriptions were rejected as a scientific evidence. Psychology turned away from studies of individuals’ descriptions of their thoughts and first-hand experiences and focused on observations of how other adults performed tasks in the laboratory. The rejection of introspection made the study of thinking come to a virtual halt until the 1950's, when the technical innovations such as the computer lead to the emergence of cognitive and information-processing theories of psychological phenomena. In the new research approach to the study of thought processes, subjects were asked to “think aloud,” leading to a new type verbal reports of thinking that differed from the earlier introspective methods and became the core method of protocol analysis.