Auditory-feedback control of temporal call patterns in echolocating horseshoe bats.
Auditory-feedback control of temporal call patterns in echolocating horseshoe bats.
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回声定位马蹄蝠的时间呼叫模式的听觉反馈控制。
DOI：
10.1152/jn.00653.2004
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Metzner,Walter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Smotherman,Michael;Metzner,Walter
在飞行过程中，听觉反馈导致马蹄蝙蝠以依赖于上下文的方式调整其发声的持续时间和重复率。当这些蝙蝠接近目标时，它们会在呼叫持续时间和脉冲间隔（IPI）中进行精细的分级调整，但它们的回声定位行为也具有整体时间呼叫模式突然转变的特征。我们调查了两个突出的声学线索，回声频率和延迟，对控制呼叫持续时间和IPI的分级和过渡变化的相对贡献。回声返回的频率高于发出的呼叫频率，导致蝙蝠从长单呼叫切换到成对的短呼叫（双重呼叫）。或者，增加回声延迟引起IPI的逐步增加，但没有引起呼叫持续时间的伴随变化。当频率偏移与改变回波延迟相结合时，回波延迟改变了双峰之间发生的IPI，但不是双峰内的IPI。当回声模拟被替换为人工恒频（CF）刺激或调频（FM）刺激，每个设计模仿的回声声学结构的主要组成部分，我们发现，CF刺激可以触发切换到双峰，但改变CF延迟对IPI没有影响，而FM扫描演示的时间对IPI有很强的影响。由于CF和FM的声音被称为单独处理的蝙蝠听觉系统，结果表明，至少有两个不同的神经反馈通路可以用来控制回声定位马蹄蝙蝠发声的时间模式。
During flight, auditory feedback causes horseshoe bats to adjust the duration and repetition rate of their vocalizations in a context-dependent manner. As these bats approach a target, they make finely graded adjustments in call duration and interpulse interval (IPI), but their echolocation behavior is also characterized by abrupt transitions in overall temporal calling patterns. We investigated the relative contributions of two prominent acoustic cues, echo frequency and delay, toward the control of both graded and transitional changes in call duration and IPI. Echoes returning at frequencies above the emitted call frequency caused bats to switch from long single calls to pairs of short calls (doublets). Alternatively, increasing echo delay caused progressive increases in IPI but caused no accompanying changes in call duration. When frequency shifts were combined with changing echo delays, echo delay altered the IPIs occurring between doublets but not the IPI within a doublet. When the echo mimic was replaced by presentation of either an artificial constant-frequency (CF) stimulus or a frequency-modulated (FM) stimulus, each designed to mimic major components of the echo acoustic structure, we found that CF stimuli could trigger the switch to doublets, but changing CF delay had no influence on IPI, whereas the timing of an FM-sweep presentation had a strong effect on IPI. Because CF and FM sounds are known to be processed separately in the bat auditory system, the results indicate that at least two distinct neural feedback pathways may be used to control the temporal patterns of vocalization in echolocating horseshoe bats.