Conceptualizing and Measuring Mental Illness Stigma: The Mental Illness Stigma Framework and Critical Review of Measures.
Conceptualizing and Measuring Mental Illness Stigma: The Mental Illness Stigma Framework and Critical Review of Measures.
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DOI：
10.1037/sah0000104
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发表时间：
2018-11-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Vogt, Dawne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fox, Annie B;Earnshaw, Valerie A;Vogt, Dawne
虽然过去十年来，对精神疾病污名化的研究激增，但在概念化和测量精神疾病污名化方面缺乏一致性和明确性，限制了对精神疾病污名化及其后果的科学知识的积累。在这篇文章中，我们汇集了精神疾病污名研究的不同焦点与精神疾病污名框架（MISF）。MISF提供了一个共同的框架和一套术语来理解精神疾病污名化的机制，这些机制与污名化者和污名化者的研究有关。然后，我们应用这一框架，系统地回顾和分类污名措施在过去十年中使用的相应污名机制。我们确定了400多项精神疾病耻辱的措施，其中三分之二没有经过任何系统的心理测量评估。陈规定型观念和歧视得到了最多的研究关注，而关注精神疾病患者观点的机制（例如，经历的，预期的，或内化的耻辱）是研究最少的。最后，我们使用MISF来讨论精神疾病污名测量的优点和缺点，找出文献中的差距，并为未来的研究提供建议。
Although the last decade has seen a proliferation of research on mental illness stigma, lack of consistency and clarity in both the conceptualization and measurement of mental illness stigma has limited the accumulation of scientific knowledge about mental illness stigma and its consequences. In the present article, we bring together the different foci of mental illness stigma research with the Mental Illness Stigma Framework (MISF). The MISF provides a common framework and set of terminology for understanding mechanisms of mental illness stigma that are relevant to the study of both the stigmatized and the stigmatizer. We then apply this framework to systematically review and classify stigma measures used in the past decade according to their corresponding stigma mechanisms. We identified more than 400 measures of mental illness stigma, two thirds of which had not undergone any systematic psychometric evaluation. Stereotypes and discrimination received the most research attention, while mechanisms that focus on the perspective of individuals with mental illness (e.g., experienced, anticipated, or internalized stigma) have been the least studied. Finally, we use the MISF to discuss the strengths and weaknesses of mental illness stigma measurement, identify gaps in the literature, and provide recommendations for future research.