Deconstructing sociality: the types of social connections that predict longevity in a group-living primate
Deconstructing sociality: the types of social connections that predict longevity in a group-living primate
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2019.1991
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发表时间：
2019-12-18
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Brent, Lauren J. N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ellis, Samuel;Snyder-Mackler, Noah;Brent, Lauren J. N.
许多物种利用社会互动来应对其环境中的挑战，越来越多的研究表明，与其群体关系良好的个体比被社会孤立的个体具有更高的适应性。然而，有很多方法可以让人与人建立良好的关系，目前还不清楚社交的哪些方面会给健身带来好处。良好的人脉关系可以通过四种主要方式来定义：个人可以通过参与高比例的社会行为或拥有许多伴侣来融入社会；他们可以与受青睐的伴侣建立牢固而稳定的联系；他们可以间接地与更广泛的群体结构建立联系；或者直接从事高比例的有益行为，如打扮。在这项研究中，我们使用成年雌性恒河猴(Macaca Mulatta)的生存模型和长期数据来比较社会联系的多种衡量标准的健康结果。与被宠爱的伴侣保持密切联系的女性的相对存活率最高，由于形成了许多薄弱的联系，女性融入社会的程度也最高。我们发现，在结构上保持良好的联系或从事高比例的修饰对生存没有好处。与心爱的伴侣建立良好的关系可以提供健身益处，例如，通过提高协调或互惠行为的效果。
Many species use social interactions to cope with challenges in their environment and a growing number of studies show that individuals which are well-connected to their group have higher fitness than socially isolated individuals. However, there are many ways to be 'well-connected' and it is unclear which aspects of sociality drive fitness benefits. Being well-connected can be conceptualized in four main ways: individuals can be socially integrated by engaging in a high rate of social behaviour or having many partners; they can have strong and stable connections to favoured partners; they can indirectly connect to the broader group structure; or directly engage in a high rate of beneficial behaviours, such as grooming. In this study, we use survival models and long-term data in adult female rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) to compare the fitness outcomes of multiple measures of social connectedness. Females that maintained strong connections to favoured partners had the highest relative survival probability, as did females well-integrated owing to forming many weak connections. We found no survival benefits to being structurally well-connected or engaging in high rates of grooming. Being well-connected to favoured partners could provide fitness benefits by, for example, increasing the efficacy of coordinated or mutualistic behaviours.