Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relation in Slowly Driven Quantum Heat Engines.
Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relation in Slowly Driven Quantum Heat Engines.
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.126.210603
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发表时间：
2020-06
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
H. Miller;M. Mohammady;M. Perarnau-Llobet;G. Guarnieri
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Miller;M. Mohammady;M. Perarnau-Llobet;G. Guarnieri
热力学不确定性关系表示精度（定义为通用电流的信噪比）与相关熵产生量之间的权衡。这些结果对在稳态下运行的自主热力发动机具有深刻的影响，在功率产量及其波动方面对其效率施加了上限。在这封信中，我们分析了另一类热机，即那些在周期性慢驱动状态下运行的热机。我们表明，一个替代的TUR是满意的，这是比稳态发动机的限制较少：它允许发动机产生有限的功率，功率波动小，操作接近可逆性。该界限进一步结合了量子波动的影响，这降低了相对于平均功率和可靠性的发动机效率。最后，我们说明我们的研究结果在实验相关的单离子热机模型。
Thermodynamic uncertainty relations express a trade-off between precision, defined as the noise-to-signal ratio of a generic current, and the amount of associated entropy production. These results have deep consequences for autonomous heat engines operating at steady state, imposing an upper bound for their efficiency in terms of the power yield and its fluctuations. In the present Letter we analyze a different class of heat engines, namely, those which are operating in the periodic slow-driving regime. We show that an alternative TUR is satisfied, which is less restrictive than that of steady-state engines: it allows for engines that produce finite power, with small power fluctuations, to operate close to reversibility. The bound further incorporates the effect of quantum fluctuations, which reduces engine efficiency relative to the average power and reliability. We finally illustrate our findings in the experimentally relevant model of a single-ion heat engine.