Translating concepts of complexity to the field of ergonomics
Translating concepts of complexity to the field of ergonomics
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DOI：
10.1080/00140139.2010.513453
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发表时间：
2010-09
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
G. Walker;N. Stanton;P. Salmon;D. Jenkins;Laura Rafferty
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Walker;N. Stanton;P. Salmon;D. Jenkins;Laura Rafferty
自 1958 年以来，主流人体工程学文献中的 80 多篇期刊论文在标题中使用了“复杂”或“复杂性”一词。其中90%以上是近20年出版的。这一观察传达了一些关于当代人体工程学问题的理解方式的有趣内容。对复杂性的研究本身源于非线性数学，但其许多核心概念在许多非数学领域中找到了类比。在这种跨学科背景下，本文旨在为人体工程学领域提供类似的初步映射。其中，人机工程学问题空间、复杂性度量和强大的概念（例如涌现）将复杂性提高到实现人机工程学问题和人机工程学方法之间匹配的重要偶然因素的地位。相对预测效率的概念用于说明如何在实践中实现这种匹配。总体而言，显而易见的是，复杂性的主要来源和解决方案是系统中的人类。从自身角度理解复杂性可以提供利用人体工程学干预措施所产生的不成比例的影响的潜力，并收紧该术语在人体工程学论文标题中经常宽松的使用。相关性声明：本文回顾并讨论了复杂性研究中的概念，并将它们映射到人体工程学问题和方法。它的结论是，人类是系统复杂性的主要来源和解决方案，并且复杂性是一个强大的偶然因素，应考虑这一因素以确保人体工程学方法符合人体工程学问题的真实本质。
Since 1958 more than 80 journal papers from the mainstream ergonomics literature have used either the words ‘complex’ or ‘complexity’ in their titles. Of those, more than 90% have been published in only the past 20 years. This observation communicates something interesting about the way in which contemporary ergonomics problems are being understood. The study of complexity itself derives from non-linear mathematics but many of its core concepts have found analogies in numerous non-mathematical domains. Set against this cross-disciplinary background, the current paper aims to provide a similar initial mapping to the field of ergonomics. In it, the ergonomics problem space, complexity metrics and powerful concepts such as emergence raise complexity to the status of an important contingency factor in achieving a match between ergonomics problems and ergonomics methods. The concept of relative predictive efficiency is used to illustrate how this match could be achieved in practice. What is clear overall is that a major source of, and solution to, complexity are the humans in systems. Understanding complexity on its own terms offers the potential to leverage disproportionate effects from ergonomics interventions and to tighten up the often loose usage of the term in the titles of ergonomics papers. Statement of Relevance: This paper reviews and discusses concepts from the study of complexity and maps them to ergonomics problems and methods. It concludes that humans are a major source of and solution to complexity in systems and that complexity is a powerful contingency factor, which should be considered to ensure that ergonomics approaches match the true nature of ergonomics problems.