A model of the hydrostatic skeleton of the leech.
A model of the hydrostatic skeleton of the leech.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1006/jtbi.1996.0135
复制
发表时间：
1996-08
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
B. A. Skierczynski;R. J. Wilson;W. Kristan;Richard Skalak
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. A. Skierczynski;R. J. Wilson;W. Kristan;Richard Skalak
水蛭的流体静力骨架的数学模型已经被开发出来，用来预测动物的形状和内部压力，以响应不同行为中给定的运动神经元活动模式。该模型结合了实验数据：动物极端行为的尺寸，组织的被动特性，神经激活时肌肉的主动长度-张力行为，发射频率和肌肉产生的力之间的关系。该模型基于三个一般假设：(i)每个部分的横截面几何形状是椭圆形的，（ii）每个部分的体积在运动过程中保持不变，（iii）动物的形状反映了最小化总势能的尺寸。目前，该模型被用于模拟水蛭的蠕形伸长，预测其在行为过程中的形状和压力变化。计算结果与实验测量结果吻合较好。运动神经元的活动模式由已知的节间运动时间和估计的纵向肌肉松弛和圆形肌肉激活之间的延迟时间决定。在主动和被动应力均为零的模型中，以水蛭的麻醉状态为参考状态。
A mathematical model of the hydrostatic skeleton of the leech has been developed to predict the shape of and internal pressure within the animal in response to a given pattern of motor neuron activity in different behaviors. The model incorporates experimental data on: the dimensions of the animal at behavioral extremes, the passive properties of the tissues, the active length-tension behavior of the muscles in response to neural activation, the relations between firing frequencies and forces developed by the muscles. The model is based on three general assumptions: (i) the cross-sectional geometry of each segment is elliptical, (ii) the volume of each segment remains constant during movement, (iii) the shape of the animal reflects dimensions that minimize the total potential energy. Presently the model is implemented to simulate the vermiform elongation of the leech, predicting the shape and the pressure changes during behavior. The results are in good agreement with the experimental measurements. The pattern of motor neuronal activity was determined by the known intersegmental travel time and estimated delay time between relaxation of the longitudinal muscles and the activation of the circular muscles. The anesthetized state of the leech was taken as the reference state for the model in which the active and passive stresses are zero.