Reference limits for urine/blood ratios of ethanol in two successive voids from drinking drivers.
Reference limits for urine/blood ratios of ethanol in two successive voids from drinking drivers.
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饮酒驾驶员连续两次排尿时尿液/血液中乙醇比率的参考限值。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Alan Wayne Jones
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alan Wayne Jones
在瑞典，从450名因酒后驾车而被捕的人身上收集了静脉全血和两个连续的尿液样本。第一次尿标本（UAC-1）在停药后尽快采集，第二次尿标本（UAC-2）在停药后约60分钟采集（平均66分钟，范围30-130分钟）。第一次尿样采集后约30分钟抽取静脉血标本。采用顶空气相色谱法测定血液和尿液中的乙醇，该方法分析精度高（变异系数约为1%）。第一个空洞的平均UAC为2.60 g/L（范围0.21-5.35），而第二个空洞的平均UAC为2.40 g/L（范围0.16-5.50）。静脉血酒精平均浓度（BAC）为1.97 g/L（范围0.08 ~ 4.57）。两种尿液中乙醇浓度高度相关（r = 0.97，残差标准差[SD] 0.22 g/L）。UAC和BAC结果也高度相关；第一空隙r = 0.958（残差SD 0.28 g/L），第二空隙r = 0.978（残差SD 0.21 g/L）。383例（87%）中，第一空隙（UAC-1）中乙醇浓度高于第二空隙（UAC-2），平均降低0.23 g/L/h。57例（13%）中，UAC-1小于或等于UAC-2，平均增加0.19 g/L。BAC超过0.5 g/L时（N = 429）， UAC-1/BAC比值均值为1.345,95%参考限分别为0.968和1.72，与中位数（2.5和97.5百分位）1.325（0.938和1.79）吻合良好。第二个空区UAC-2/BAC的平均值为1.221,95%参考限分别为0.988和1.45，中位数（2.5和97.5百分位）为1.226（0.997和1.46）。当一个人的静脉BAC需要用合理的科学确定性从尿液样本中测定的浓度来估计时，这些参考限值是合适的。
Specimens of venous whole blood and two successive urinary voids were collected from 450 individuals apprehended for driving under the influence of alcohol in Sweden. The first specimen of urine (UAC-1) was obtained as soon as possible after arrest, and the second void (UAC-2) was collected about 60 min later (mean 66 min, range 30-130). A specimen of venous blood was drawn approximately 30 min after the first urine sample was collected. Ethanol was determined in blood and urine by headspace gas chromatography, a method with high analytical precision (coefficient of variation approximately 1%). The mean UAC for the first void was 2.60 g/L (range 0.21-5.35) compared with 2.40 g/L (range 0.16-5.50) in the second void. The mean concentration of alcohol in venous blood (BAC) was 1.97 g/L (range 0.08-4.57). The concentrations of ethanol in the two voids of urine were highly correlated (r = 0.97, residual standard deviation [SD] 0.22 g/L). The UAC and BAC results were also highly correlated; r = 0.958 (residual SD 0.28 g/L) for the first void and r = 0.978 (residual SD 0.21 g/L) for the second void. The concentration of ethanol in the first void (UAC-1) was higher than the second void (UAC-2) in 383 (87%) instances, decreasing by 0.23 g/L/h on average. In 57 instances (13%), UAC-1 was less or equal to UAC-2 with a mean increase of 0.19 g/L. When BAC exceeded 0.5 g/L (N = 429), the mean UAC-1/BAC ratio was 1.345 with 95% reference limits of 0.968 and 1.72, which agreed well with median (2.5th and 97.5th percentiles) of 1.325 (0.938 and 1.79). For the second void, the mean UAC-2/BAC ratio was 1.221 with 95% reference limits of 0.988 and 1.45 and with a median (2.5th and 97.5th percentiles) of 1.226 (0.997 and 1.46). These reference limits are appropriate to use when a person's venous BAC needs to be estimated with reasonable scientific certainty from the concentration determined in specimens of urine.