Analysis of urea nitrogen leaching under high-intensity rainfall using HYDRUS-1D.
Analysis of urea nitrogen leaching under high-intensity rainfall using HYDRUS-1D.
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高强度降雨条件下尿素氮淋溶的HYDRUS-1D分析
DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114900
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发表时间：
2022-03
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
Xiaoyu Mo;Hui Peng;Jia Xin;Shuo Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xiaoyu Mo;Hui Peng;Jia Xin;Shuo Wang
农田氮素淋溶是导致地下水氮素污染的主要原因，而降水是其驱动因素。然而，极端降水对土壤有机氮（如尿素）淋失的影响尚不清楚。本研究利用土柱试验数据，构建了氮素迁移转化模型。将所建立的模型应用于大沽河流域农田非饱和带。通过模拟暴雨、大暴雨和特大暴雨3种降雨情景，分析了尿素氮淋溶到地下水中的变化规律。随着雨强的增加，尿素氮淋失量从0.04%增加到18.09%。尿素氮累积淋溶通量与土壤初始含水量有关。施肥间隔时间对尿素氮淋溶通量有负影响。在强降雨前施用尿基肥料会显著增加土壤-作物系统中尿素的淋溶损失，降低作物氮素利用率。因此，极端暴雨条件下尿素淋失不容忽视，应根据天气预报，在强降雨前避免施肥。
The leaching of nitrogen in farmland could lead to groundwater nitrogen pollution, while precipitation is the driving factor. Nevertheless, the influences of extreme precipitation on soil organic nitrogen leaching, such as urea, is not clear. In this study, we used soil column experimental data to construct a nitrogen migration and transformation model. The constructed model was applied to unsaturated zones in farmlands in the Dagu River Basin of China. Three rainfall scenarios, namely rainstorms, heavy rainstorms, and extreme rainstorms, were simulated to analyze the variation in urea nitrogen leaching to groundwater. As the rainfall intensity increased, the quantity of urea nitrogen leaching increased from 0.04% to 18.09%. The cumulative urea nitrogen leaching flux is related to the initial soil moisture content. The time interval between fertilization inversely influenced the urea nitrogen leaching flux. Applying urea-based fertilizers shortly before high-intensity rainfall significantly increases the soil-crop system urea leaching loss and decreases crop nitrogen utilization. These findings imply that urea leaching under extreme rainstorms should not be ignored, and based on weather forecasting, fertilizer application in farmland should be avoided before high-intensity rainfall.