Strategies and recent achievements in selection of medicinal and aromatic plants
Strategies and recent achievements in selection of medicinal and aromatic plants
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药用芳香植物选育策略及近期成果
DOI：
10.17660/actahortic.2002.576.19
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Bernáth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Bernáth
为了满足药用和芳香植物药物及其产品的安全性、有效性和稳定性的要求，对高质量原料的需求正在增加。这一现象是证明了育种结果和注册程序，关于药用和芳香植物品种，最近从不同的国家报道的数量。尽管各国采用不同的策略和方法，但世界范围内在育种方面取得的进展是显而易见的。在目前的工作中，育种策略用于改变活性剂的积累水平和组成进行了综述。植物化学多样性的利用是植物化学研究的主要方向之一。寻找明确定义的活性化合物的种间或种内分布是分析的最重要目标之一，从而产生大量具有实际重要性的品种。即使在今天，栽培中的大多数植物材料都是通过常规选择方法创造的，包括个体-群体-或特殊选择方法。最近通过杂交、多倍化和突变获得的突出结果被报道。利用转化细胞培养技术和基因工程技术，通过过量表达或抑制特定活性物质的生物合成基因，为药用植物和香料植物的育种提供了新的可能性，并有可能成为未来药用植物和香料植物育种的新工具。
In harmony with requirements of safety, efficacy, and stability of medicinal and aromatic plant drugs and their products, the need for high quality raw is increasing. This phenomenon is proven by number of breeding results and registration procedures, concerning medicinal and aromatic plant cultivars, recently reported from different countries. The worldwide progress achieved in breeding is obvious, in spite of the fact, that different strategies and methods are used country by country. In the present work breeding strategies used for changing the accumulation level and composition of active agents are overviewed. The utilization of the chemical diversity of the plant kingdom is one of main direction of investigations. Search for inter-, or intraspecific distribution of well-defined active compounds is one of the most important goal of analysis, resulting in large numbers of cultivars of practical importance. The majority of plant materials under cultivation have been created by conventional selection methods, even today, including individual- mass-, or special selection methods. More recently outstanding results achieved by hybridization, polyploidization and mutation are reported. The application of transformed cell cultures and genetic-engineering based on the over expressing or suppressing of genes responsible for biosynthesis of a special active agents may offer new possibilities and might became a novel tool in the breeding of medicinal and aromatic plants in the future.