Human papillomavirus infection and its association with HIV.
Human papillomavirus infection and its association with HIV.
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DOI：
10.1177/0022034511399914
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Syrjanen, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Syrjanen, S
人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)可感染口腔粘膜，引起无症状感染或疣皮损。多项病例对照研究证实，HPV是鳞癌的独立危险因素。与HPV阴性的癌症相比，HPV相关的癌症似乎有更好的预后和不同的危险因素。众所周知，感染艾滋病毒的患者患持续性生殖器和肛门高危HPV感染和上皮内肿瘤的风险增加。自从高效抗逆转录病毒治疗时代以来，口腔黏膜疣病变的患病率和持久性都有所增加。口腔鳞状细胞癌最近被添加到常见的艾滋病毒相关口腔粘膜病变的病例定义中。艾滋病毒患者感染HPV的风险增加与对HPV的免疫反应减弱、高效抗逆转录病毒治疗、艾滋病毒感染患者的老龄化以及两种病毒之间的直接相互作用有关。HPV32似乎在无症状的HPV感染和那些感染艾滋病毒的人中比在普通人群中更普遍。关于HIV基因，有证据表明HPV与TAT、REV和VPR之间存在相互作用。HIV可能通过TAT和REV或VISA激发致癌刺激，在HPV相关的发病机制中发挥作用。
Human papillomavirus (HPV) can infect oral mucosa, causing asymptomatic infection or warty lesions. Several case-control studies have confirmed HPV as an independent risk factor for squamous cell carcinoma. HPV-related cancers seem to have better prognoses and different risk factors than do HPV-negative ones. HIV-infected patients are known to be at increased risk for persistent genital and anal high-risk HPV infections and intraepithelial neoplasm. Since the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy, the prevalence and persistence of warty lesions in oral mucosa have increased. Oral squamous cell carcinoma was recently added in the case definitions for common HIV-related oral mucosa lesions. The increased risk of HPV infection in HIV patients has been associated with impaired immune response to HPV, highly active antiretroviral therapy, aging of the HIV-infected patients, and direct interaction between the 2 viruses. HPV32 seems to be much more prevalent in asymptomatic HPV infections and warts among those infected with HIV than among those in the general population. Regarding HIV genes, there is evidence of an interaction between HPV and tat, rev, and vpr. HIV might play a role in HPV-associated pathogenesis by exhorting oncogenic stimuli via tat and rev or visa versa.