Molecular and functional characteristics of heart-valve interstitial cells
Molecular and functional characteristics of heart-valve interstitial cells
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2007.2126
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发表时间：
2007-08-29
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Taylor, Patricia M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chester, Adrian H.;Taylor, Patricia M.
位于瓣膜瓣叶内的细胞在心脏瓣膜的耐久性和功能方面起着不可或缺的作用。在瓣叶组织中主要发现两种类型的细胞：覆盖瓣叶表面的内皮细胞以及在瓣叶主体内的细胞外基质（ECM）中形成网络的间质细胞（ICs）。这两种细胞类型都表现出独特的功能，不同于在身体其他部位发现的内皮细胞和间质细胞的功能。瓣膜间质细胞表达一种复杂的细胞表面、细胞骨架和肌肉蛋白模式。它们能够相互结合并与细胞外基质进行交流。瓣膜流出面和流入面上的内皮细胞彼此不同。它们各自的特征和功能反映了它们暴露于不同的血流和压力模式这一事实。除了在瓣膜中起到结构作用外，现在已知瓣膜细胞的生物学功能在维持瓣叶的完整性和瓣膜的最佳功能方面很重要。在对不适当的刺激作出反应时，瓣膜间质细胞和内皮细胞也可能参与导致瓣膜退变和钙化的过程。了解瓣膜间质细胞和内皮细胞的复杂生物学特性是阐明在健康和疾病状态下调节瓣膜功能的机制的一项重要要求，也是为可用于组织工程构建心脏瓣膜的细胞功能设定一个基准。
The cells that reside within valve cusps play an integral role in the durability and function of heart valves. There are principally two types of cells found in cusp tissue: the endothelial cells that cover the surface of the cusps and the interstitial cells (ICs) that form a network within the extracellular matrix (ECM) within the body of the cusp. Both cell types exhibit unique functions that are unlike those of other endothelial and ICs found throughout the body. The valve ICs express a complex pattern of cell-surface, cytoskeletal and muscle proteins. They are able to bind to, and communicate with, each other and the ECM. The endothelial cells on the outflow and inflow surfaces of the valve differ from one another. Their individual characteristics and functions reflect the fact that they are exposed to separate patterns of flow and pressure. In addition to providing a structural role in the valve, it is now known that the biological function of valve cells is important in maintaining the integrity of the cusps and the optimum function of the valve. In response to inappropriate stimuli, valve interstitial and endothelial cells may also participate in processes that lead to valve degeneration and calcification. Understanding the complex biology of valve interstitial and endothelial cells is an important requirement in elucidating the mechanisms that regulate valve function in health and disease, as well as setting a benchmark for the function of cells that may be used to tissue engineer a heart valve.