Relations between dietary sodium and potassium intakes and mortality from cardiovascular disease: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risks
Relations between dietary sodium and potassium intakes and mortality from cardiovascular disease: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risks
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DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/88.1.195
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发表时间：
2008-07-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Tamakoshi, Akiko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Umesawa, Mitsumasa;Iso, Hiroyasu;Tamakoshi, Akiko
背景资料：有限的证据是关于钠和钾的摄入量和心血管疾病之间的关系，在一般population.Objective：目的是调查钠和钾的摄入量和心血管疾病之间的关系，在亚洲人群的平均钠摄入量普遍较高。设计：1988年至1990年期间，共有58730名日本受试者（n = 23119名男性和35611名女性），年龄40-79岁，无卒中、冠心病、根据日本文部科学省主办的日本癌症风险评估协作队列研究，或癌症患者完成了包括食物摄入频率在内的生活方式问卷。经过745161人年的随访，我们记录了986例卒中死亡（153例蛛网膜下腔出血，227例脑实质内出血和510例缺血性卒中）和424例冠心病死亡。钠摄入量与总卒中、缺血性卒中和总心血管疾病的死亡率呈正相关。校正年龄、性别和心血管疾病危险因素后，钠摄入量最高与最低五分位数的多变量风险比为1.55（95% CI：1.21，2.00;趋势P < 0.001）总卒中，2.04（95%CI：1.41，2.94;趋势P < 0.001），总心血管疾病为1.42（95%CI：1.20，1.69;趋势P < 0.001）。钾摄入量与冠心病和心血管疾病的死亡率呈负相关。钾摄入量最高与最低五分位数的多变量风险比为0.65（95%CI：0.39，1.06;趋势P = 0.083），冠心病组为0.73（95%CI：0.59，0.92;趋势P = 0.018），女性的相关性比男性更明显。结论：高钠摄入量和低钾摄入量可能会增加心血管疾病的死亡风险。
Background: Limited evidence is available about the relations between sodium and potassium intakes and cardiovascular disease in the general population.Objective: The objective was to investigate relations between sodium and potassium intakes and cardiovascular disease in Asian populations whose mean sodium intake is generally high.Design: Between 1988 and 1990, a total of 58 730 Japanese subjects (n = 23 119 men and 35 611 women) aged 40-79 y with no history of stroke, coronary heart disease, or cancer completed a lifestyle questionnaire including food intake frequency under the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk sponsored by the Ministry of Education, Sports and Science.Results: After 745 161 person-years of follow-up, we documented 986 deaths from stroke (153 subarachnoid hemorrhages, 227 intraparenchymal hemorrhages, and 510 ischemic strokes) and 424 deaths from coronary heart disease. Sodium intake was positively associated with mortality from total stroke, ischemic stroke, and total cardiovascular disease. The multivariable hazard ratio for the highest versus the lowest quintiles of sodium intake after adjustment for age, sex, and cardiovascular disease risk factors was 1.55 (95% CI: 1.21, 2.00; P for trend < 0.001) for total stroke, 2.04 (95 % CI: 1.41, 2.94; P for trend < 0.001) for ischemic stroke, and 1.42 (95% CI: 1.20, 1.69; P for trend < 0.001) for total cardiovascular disease. Potassium intake was inversely associated with mortality from coronary heart disease and total cardiovascular disease. The multivariable hazard ratio for the highest versus the lowest quintiles of potassium intake was 0.65 (95% CI: 0.39,1.06; P for trend = 0.083) for coronary heart disease and 0.73 (95% CI: 0.59, 0.92; P for trend = 0.0 18) for total cardiovascular disease, and these associations were more evident for women than for men.Conclusions: A high sodium intake and a low potassium intake may increase the risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease.