Evidence of deteriorating semen quality in the United Kingdom: Birth cohort study in 577 men in Scotland over 11 years
Evidence of deteriorating semen quality in the United Kingdom: Birth cohort study in 577 men in Scotland over 11 years
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DOI：
10.1136/bmj.312.7029.467
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发表时间：
1996-02-24
影响因子：
105.7
通讯作者：
Aitken, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Irvine, S;Cawood, E;Aitken, J
研究目的：确定1951年至1973年出生的500多名苏格兰男性的精液质量是否发生了变化。研究设计：回顾性分析11年来在一个实验室收集的精液质量数据，并根据世界卫生组织的指导方针。研究对象：577名志愿精液捐献者。研究计划：医学研究理事会资助的配子生物学研究。其中171例出生于1959年以前，120例出生于1960-4年，171例出生于1965-9年，115例出生于1970- 4年。主要观察指标：精液质量的常规标准包括精液量（ml）、精子浓度（10（6）/ml）、总活力（10（6）/ml）、精子密度（10（6）/ml）（%能动）、射精中的精子总数（10（6））和射精中的能动精子总数（10（6））。结果-当比较四个出生队列组时，射精中精子的总数量较低，射精中活动精子的数量较低。精子浓度中位数从1959年以前出生的供体的98 × 10（6）/ml下降到1970年以后出生的供体的78 × 10（6）/ml（P = 0.002）。精液中的精子总数从301 × 10（6）下降到214 × 10（6）（P = 0.0005），射精中的活动精子总数从169.7 × 10（6）下降到129.0 × 10（6）结论：这项研究提供了精液质量恶化的直接证据，出生年份晚与成年后精子数量减少显著相关。
Objective-To determine whether the quality of semen has changed in a group of over 500 Scottish men born between 1951 and 1973.Design-Retrospective review of data on semen quality collected in a single laboratory over 11 years and according to World Health Organisation guidelines.Setting-Programme of gamete biology research funded by Medical Research Council.Subjects-577 volunteer semen donors. Of these, 171 were born before 1959, 120 were born in 1960-4, 171 in 1965-9, and 115 in 1970-4.Main outcome measures-Conventional criteria of semen quality including semen volume (ml), sperm concentration (10(6)/ml), overall motility (% motile), total number of sperm in the ejaculate (10(6)), and total number of motile sperm in the ejaculate (10(6)).Results-When the four birth cohort groups were compared a later year of birth was associated with a lower sperm concentration, a lower total number of sperm in the ejaculate, and a lower number of motile sperm in the ejaculate. The median sperm concentration fell from 98 x 10(6)/ml among donors born before 1959 to 78 x 10(6)/ml among donors born after 1970 (P = 0.002). The total number of sperm in the ejaculate fell from 301 x 10(6) to 214 x 10(6) (P = 0.0005), and the total number of motile sperm in the ejaculate fell from 169.7 x 10(6) to 129.0 x 10(6) (P = 0.0065).Conclusion-This study provides direct evidence that semen quality is deteriorating, with a later year of birth being significantly associated with a reduced number of sperm in adult life.