Long-Term Outcomes of the Good School Toolkit Primary School Violence Prevention Intervention Among Adolescents: Protocol for a Nonrandomized Quasi-Experimental Study.
Long-Term Outcomes of the Good School Toolkit Primary School Violence Prevention Intervention Among Adolescents: Protocol for a Nonrandomized Quasi-Experimental Study.
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DOI：
10.2196/20940
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发表时间：
2020-12-07
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Devries K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Knight L;Atuhaire L;Allen E;Namy S;Anton-Erxleben K;Nakuti J;Mirembe AF;Nakiboneka M;Seeley J;Weiss HA;Parkes J;Bonell C;Naker D;Devries K
校园暴力侵害儿童是一个全球性的公共卫生问题。越来越多的证据表明，基于学校的干预措施可以有效减少校内暴力侵害儿童行为。然而，几乎没有证据表明这种干预措施的长期影响。由乌干达非营利组织“提高声音”开发的“好学校工具包”是一项全校暴力预防干预措施，旨在改变小学的运作文化。2014年，通过一项集群随机对照试验（好学校研究）对好学校工具包进行了评估，发现它减少了教师对学生和学生对学生的暴力行为。该协议描述了定量分析，以探索乌干达青少年中好学校工具包干预的长期结果，包括它与同伴暴力受害的相关程度（主要结果）和同伴暴力犯罪，亲密伴侣暴力，接受教师暴力，公平的性别态度，机构，自我调节，同伴联系，社会资产，心理资产，和在学率（中学成果）。这是一项非随机的准实验性4年随访研究，研究对象是2014年参加好学校研究的42所小学的青少年; 21所学校在2012年的试验期间启动了好学校工具包干预，19所学校在2015年的试验后（在后期交付阶段）启动了干预; 2所学校没有实施干预。在后期交付阶段的19所小学中，2014年最高年级（小学7年级）的学生预计将在2015年工具包交付之前离校。2014年收集了3431名11-14岁的小学五年级至小学七年级学生的第一波数据;这些学生在2018-2019年16-19岁时被随访，并被邀请参加第二波调查。数据是由训练有素的乌干达实地研究人员在面对面的访谈中收集的。工具包接触组被定义为在好学校研究试验期间（从2012年开始）接触，在后来交付期间（从2015年开始）接触，或没有接触，包括那些预计在后来交付之前完成小学7年级或来自2所没有实施工具包的学校。将分别使用二元和连续结局的混合效应多变量logistic和线性回归模型分析Wave 2和工具包暴露组结局之间的关联。这种分析是探索性的，目的是产生假设，如果，在什么情况下，工具包影响以后的青少年的结果。数据收集于二零一九年八月完成。据我们所知，这是对撒哈拉以南非洲接受学校暴力预防干预的青少年进行的第一次长期随访研究。如果干预措施减少暴力并改善青春期后期的其他结果，那么这项研究支持小学干预措施是实现长期人口影响的关键。影响的模式将告知需要加强或额外干预的地方。DERR1-10.2196/20940
Violence against children in schools is a global public health problem. There is growing evidence that school-based interventions can be effective in reducing violence against children in schools. However, there is little evidence on the long-term impact of such interventions. The Good School Toolkit, developed by Raising Voices, a Uganda-based nonprofit organization, is a whole-school violence prevention intervention that aims to change the operational culture of primary schools. In 2014, the Good School Toolkit was evaluated through a cluster randomized controlled trial (Good Schools Study) and found to reduce teacher-to-student and student-to-student violence. This protocol describes quantitative analyses to explore long-term outcomes of the Good School Toolkit intervention among adolescents in Uganda, including the extent to which it is associated with peer-violence victimization (primary outcome) and peer-violence perpetration, intimate-partner violence, acceptance of teacher-violence, equitable gender attitudes, agency, self-regulation, peer connectedness, social assets, psychological assets, and retention in school (secondary outcomes). This is a nonrandomized quasi-experimental 4-year follow-up study of adolescents who attended the 42 Good Schools Study primary schools in 2014; 21 schools initiated the Good School Toolkit intervention during the trial from 2012, and 19 schools initiated the intervention after the trial (during the later delivery phase) from 2015; 2 schools did not implement the intervention. Students in the final school grade (Primary 7) during 2014 of the 19 primary schools in the later delivery phase are expected to have left school prior to toolkit delivery in 2015. Wave 1 data were collected in 2014 from 3431 grade Primary 5 to Primary 7 school students aged 11-14 years; these students were followed up in 2018-2019 when aged 16-19 years and invited to participate in the Wave 2 survey. Data were collected in face-to-face interviews by trained Ugandan field researchers. Toolkit exposure groups are defined as exposed during the Good Schools Study trial (from 2012), as exposed during later delivery (from 2015), or not exposed including those expected to have completed Primary 7 prior to later delivery or from the 2 schools that did not implement the toolkit. Associations between outcomes at Wave 2 and toolkit exposure groups will be analyzed using mixed-effect multivariable logistic and linear regression models for binary and continuous outcomes, respectively. This analysis is exploratory and aims to generate hypotheses on if, and under what circumstances, the toolkit influences later adolescent outcomes. Data collection was completed in August 2019. To our knowledge, this is the first long-term follow-up study of adolescents exposed to a school-based violence-prevention intervention in sub-Saharan Africa. If the intervention reduces violence and improves other outcomes in later adolescence, then this study supports primary school interventions as key to achieving long-term population impacts. The pattern of effects will inform where reinforced or additional interventions are needed. DERR1-10.2196/20940