Heavy metals in Lake Balaton:: water column, suspended matter, sediment and biota
Heavy metals in Lake Balaton:: water column, suspended matter, sediment and biota
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.07.032
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发表时间：
2005-03-20
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Baeyens, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nguyen, HL;Leermakers, M;Baeyens, W
在1999-2002年期间，对巴拉顿湖进行了五次采样巡航，以评估该湖中痕量金属的分布情况，并查明主要来源。测定了湖水中的一种或多种元素，包括铬、钴、镍、铜、锌、镉、铅(痕量金属)和铝、钡、钙、铁、钾、镁、锰、钠、磷、S、锶等主要金属元素。2000年6月和2月雨水中的痕量金属浓度较低，而2001年9月(风暴期间)和雪中(2000年2月)的痕量金属浓度则高得多。在湖的北部和西部，特别是在扎拉河的入水处和游艇港的位置，几乎所有舱室的金属浓度都较高。由于该湖非常浅，风暴条件也显著改变了金属在溶解和颗粒相中的分布。位于扎拉河的Kis-Balaton保护系统非常有效地保留悬浮颗粒物(SPM；72%的保留率)和相关金属。湖泊表层沉积物中的金属含量表现出较高的变异性。在细沉积物比例正常化后，只有包括扎拉口在内的少数几个站似乎富含痕量金属。在浮游动物中，锌似乎比其他痕量金属高得多。根据湖泊不同隔间和输入流量中痕量金属的摩尔比，可以推断出几个趋势。例如，该湖中痕量金属在溶解相和固相(悬浮颗粒物和沉积物)中的摩尔比与扎拉河中的非常相似。(C)2004爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
During the period 1999-2002, five sampling cruises have been carried out on Lake Balaton to assess trace metal distribution in the lake and to identify major sources. Eighteen elements, including Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb (trace metals) and Al, Ba, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Sr (major metals), were determined in one or more of the lake's compartments. Lower trace metal concentrations in rainwater were observed in June and February 2000, while much higher levels were present in September 2001 (during a storm event) and in snow (February 2000). In the Northern and Western parts of the lake, especially at the inflow of river Zala and the locations of the yacht harbours, metal concentrations were higher in almost all compartments. Because the lake is very shallow, storm conditions also change significantly the metal distributions in the dissolved and particulate phases. The Kis-Balaton protection system located on Zala river functions very efficiently for retaining suspended particulate matter (SPM; 72% retention) and associated metals. Metal concentrations in surface sediments of the lake showed a high variability. After normalisation for the fine sediment fraction, only a few stations including Zala mouth appeared to be enriched in trace metals. In zooplankton, Zn seemed to be much more elevated compared to the other trace metals. Based on the molar ratios of the trace metals in the various compartments and input flows of the lake, several trends could be deduced. For example, molar ratios of the trace metals in the dissolved and solid (suspended particulate matter and sediments) phases in the lake are fairly similar to those in Zala River. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.