Cerebellum and psychiatric disorders
Cerebellum and psychiatric disorders
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DOI：
10.1590/s1516-44462008000300016
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Jackowski, Andrea Parolin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Baldaçara, Leonardo;Borgio, João Guilherme Fiorani;Jackowski, Andrea Parolin
目的：这篇最新文章的目的是报道结构和功能的神经影像研究，探索小脑在精神障碍的病理生理学中的潜在作用。方法：以“小脑”、“小脑蠕虫”、“精神分裂症”、“双相情感障碍”、“抑郁”、“焦虑症”、“痴呆”、“注意缺陷多动障碍”为参数，采用Medline软件进行非系统文献综述。电子搜索一直进行到2008年4月。讨论：许多精神疾病，如精神分裂症、双相情感障碍、抑郁症、焦虑症、痴呆症和注意缺陷多动障碍，都有小脑结构和功能异常的报道。结构磁共振成像研究报告了精神分裂症、情绪障碍和注意缺陷多动障碍患者小脑和大脑的总体积较小。使用认知范式的功能磁共振成像研究显示，精神分裂症、焦虑症和注意力缺陷多动障碍患者的小脑活动发生变化，痴呆症患者的小脑受到影响。结论：与早期的理论相比，小脑似乎在平衡和运动控制以外的不同大脑功能中发挥着重要作用，包括情绪调节和认知。未来的研究显然需要进一步阐明小脑在正常和病理行为、情绪调节和认知功能中的作用。
Objective: The objective of this update article is to report structural and functional neuroimaging studies exploring the potential role of cerebellum in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. Method: A non-systematic literature review was conducted by means of Medline using the following terms as a parameter: "cerebellum"; "cerebellar vermis", "schizophrenia", "bipolar disorder"; "depression", "anxiety disorders", "dementia" and "attention deficit hyperactivity disorder". The electronic search was done up to April 2008. Discussion: Structural and functional cerebellar abnormalities have been reported in many psychiatric disorders, namely schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, dementia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Structural magnetic resonance imaging studies have reported smaller total cerebellar and vermal volumes in schizophrenia, mood disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Functional magnetic resonance imaging studies using cognitive paradigms have shown alterations in cerebellar activity in schizophrenia, anxiety disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder In dementia, the cerebellum is affected in later stages of the disease. Conclusion: Contrasting with early theories, cerebellum appears to play a major role in different brain functions other than balance and motor control, including emotional regulation and cognition. Future studies are clearly needed to further elucidate the role of cerebellum in both normal and pathological behavior, mood regulation, and cognitive functioning.