Megabenthic recolonization in an experimentally disturbed abyssal manganese nodule area
Megabenthic recolonization in an experimentally disturbed abyssal manganese nodule area
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DOI：
10.1080/10641199509388295
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发表时间：
1995-10-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Thiel, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bluhm, H;Schriever, G;Thiel, H
商业深海采矿过程中锰结核的几乎全部清除将破坏雷区内海底硬底动物的栖息地，并导致低多样性软底生物群落的形成。1989年，在热带东南太平洋深海启动了第一个大规模和长期实验DISCOL，以研究类似海洋采矿的扰动对深海动物的影响。在德国Sonne号科考船的三次巡航期间，利用具有实时电视和“命令拍照”能力的海底观测系统，监测了巨型底栖动物的聚集和受干扰地区的重新定居。基线和三个碰撞后研究的图像分析结果表明，不仅在干扰轨道内有直接影响，而且对主要未受干扰的地区也有明显影响。商业采矿将产生一股沉积物羽流，它将随着近底洋流漂移，还会影响矿区以外的动物。减少环境影响仍然是发展未来结核收集器系统的一个重要目标。
The near total removal of manganese nodules during commercial deep-sea mining will destroy the habitat of the benthic hard-bottom fauna within the mined areas and result in the formation of a soft-bottom community of lower diversity In 1989 the first large-scale and long-term experiment, DISCOL, was initiated in the abyssal tropical southeastern Pacific Ocean to study the impact of disturbances similar to ocean mining on the deep-sea fauna. The megabenthic assemblage and the recolonization of the disturbed area were monitored during three cruises of the German research vessel SONNE by use of an Ocean Floor Observation System with real-time TV and ''photo-on-command'' capabilities. The results of the image analyses of the baseline and three postimpact studies demonstrate not only a direct impact within the disturber tracks, but also an apparent impact on areas that were not primarily disturbed. Commercial mining will create a sediment plume, which will drift away with near-bottom currents and also affect animals outside the mined areas. Reduction of environmental effects remains an important objective during development of future nodule collector systems.