Scombroid poisoning: A review
Scombroid poisoning: A review
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DOI：
10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.02.006
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发表时间：
2010-08-15
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Hungerford, James M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hungerford, James M.
鲭鱼中毒，也被称为组胺鱼中毒，是一种类似过敏的食物中毒形式，仍然是海鲜安全的一个主要问题。组胺在鲭鱼中毒中的确切作用并不简单。偏离预期的剂量反应导致了各种可能的毒性机制的进展，但没有一种机制得到证实。组胺作用水平用于调节，直到更多地了解鲭鱼中毒的机制。鲭鱼中毒与组胺相关而复杂。鲭鱼中毒的受害者对抗组胺药反应良好，对鲭鱼中毒的鱼进行化学分析通常显示组胺水平升高。鲭鱼中毒是独特的海鲜毒素，因为它是由于产品处理不当，而不是其他营养水平的污染。收获后冷却不足会促进细菌组胺的产生，并可能导致鲭鱼中毒的爆发。具有高水平游离组氨酸的鱼，通过细菌组氨酸脱羧酶转化为组胺的酶底物，是最常涉及鲭鱼中毒的鱼。检测组胺的实验室方法和筛选方法很多，但需要进行比较和验证，以协调测试。成功的现场测试，包括码头或船上测试，需要加强HACCP的努力，必须将快速和简化的检测方法与简化和快速的采样和提取相结合。否则，耗时的样品制备会降低检测速度的提高对总分析时间的影响。爱思唯尔有限公司出版
Scombroid poisoning, also called histamine fish poisoning, is an allergy-like form of food poisoning that continues to be a major problem in seafood safety. The exact role of histamine in scombroid poisoning is not straightforward. Deviations from the expected dose-response have led to the advancement of various possible mechanisms of toxicity, none of them proven. Histamine action levels are used in regulation until more is known about the mechanism of scombroid poisoning. Scombroid poisoning and histamine are correlated but complicated. Victims of scombroid poisoning respond well to antihistamines, and chemical analyses of fish implicated in scombroid poisoning generally reveal elevated levels of histamine. Scombroid poisoning is unique among the seafood toxins since it results from product mishandling rather than contamination from other trophic levels. Inadequate cooling following harvest promotes bacterial histamine production, and can result in outbreaks of scombroid poisoning. Fish with high levels of free histidine, the enzyme substrate converted to histamine by bacterial histidine decarboxylase, are those most often implicated in scombroid poisoning. Laboratory methods and screening methods for detecting histamine are available in abundance, but need to be compared and validated to harmonize testing. Successful field testing, including dockside or on-board testing needed to augment HACCP efforts will have to integrate rapid and simplified detection methods with simplified and rapid sampling and extraction. Otherwise, time-consuming sample preparation reduces the impact of gains in detection speed on the overall analysis time. Published by Elsevier Ltd.