Distinct patterns of default mode and executive control network circuitry contribute to present and future executive function in older adults
Distinct patterns of default mode and executive control network circuitry contribute to present and future executive function in older adults
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.03.073
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发表时间：
2019-07-15
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Gold, Brian T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, Christopher A.;Schmitt, Frederick A.;Gold, Brian T.
老年人的执行功能(EF)表现与执行控制网络(ECN)和默认模式网络(DMN)内的功能和结构特征、白质高强度(WMH)负担和阿尔茨海默病(AD)病理水平有关。在这里，我们同时探索了这些因素对老年人基线和纵向EF表现的独特贡献。32名认知正常(CN)的老年人接受了为期三年的基线和每年的神经心理测试。在基线时收集神经影像和AD病理指标。使用单独的线性回归模型来确定这些变量中的哪些变量可以预测基线时的综合EF评分和/或在三年随访期内综合Delta EF评分的平均年变化。结果显示低DMN失活、高ECN激活和WMH负荷是基线EF评分的主要预测因素。相反，较差的DMN和ECN WM显微结构和较高的AD病理预示着EF评分的更大年度下降。随后的中介分析表明，DMN WM微观结构唯一地中介了AD病理与Delta EF之间的关系。这些结果表明，DMN、ECN和WMHs内的功能激活模式有助于基线EF，而这些网络内的结构连接影响老年人的纵向EF表现。
Executive function (EF) performance in older adults has been linked with functional and structural profiles within the executive control network (ECN) and default mode network (DMN), white matter hyperintensities (WMH) burden and levels of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Here, we simultaneously explored the unique contributions of these factors to baseline and longitudinal EF performance in older adults. Thirty-two cognitively normal (CN) older adults underwent neuropsychological testing at baseline and annually for three years. Neuroimaging and AD pathology measures were collected at baseline. Separate linear regression models were used to determine which of these variables predicted composite EF scores at baseline and/or average annual change in composite Delta EF scores over the three-year follow-up period. Results demonstrated that low DMN deactivation, high ECN activation and WMH burden were the main predictors of EF scores at baseline. In contrast, poor DMN and ECN WM microstructure and higher AD pathology predicted greater annual decline in EF scores. Subsequent mediation analysis demonstrated that DMN WM microstructure uniquely mediated the relationship between AD pathology and Delta EF. These results suggest that functional activation patterns within the DMN and ECN and WMHs contribute to baseline EF while structural connectivity within these networks impact longitudinal EF performance in older adults.