Soil and vegetation development along a 10-year restoration chronosequence in tailing dams in the Xiaoqinling gold region of Central China
Soil and vegetation development along a 10-year restoration chronosequence in tailing dams in the Xiaoqinling gold region of Central China
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DOI：
10.1016/j.catena.2018.05.007
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发表时间：
2018-08
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Dong Wang;Bing Zhang;Lili Zhu;Yongsheng Yang;Mingming Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dong Wang;Bing Zhang;Lili Zhu;Yongsheng Yang;Mingming Li
为应对全球需求，黄金开采量大幅增加。提金通常会导致尾矿库的形成，在尾矿库中有机质和微生物活性降低，从而限制植物的生长。然而，从自然修复金矿尾矿库的角度出发，对植物-土壤相互作用和植物群落发展的认识还不够深入。2015年8月，选择了中国中部小秦岭金矿区自然修复2(R2)、5(R5)和10(R10)年的3个尾矿坝，进行了土壤和植物群落发育的研究。研究表明，R10尾矿库跨0~10 cm和10~20 cm两个土层，土壤容重和pH值最低，有机碳、全氮、微生物量碳和氮最高。土壤有机碳、全氮、微生物量碳和氮随着土壤深度的增加而降低。R10尾矿库土壤有机碳与全氮的比值最高，表明土壤有机碳的积累速率可能长期受到全氮含量的制约。由于土壤养分含量和微生物量碳、氮的增加，恢复促进了植物群落的多样性和生产力。3个尾矿库的根系生物量与地上植物生物量之比的差异是由于植物群落组成由一年生向多年生转变所致。植物-土壤相互作用和植物群落组成随时间变化的机理可以用来指导中国中心尾矿库的修复工程。
Gold mining has increased sharply in response to global demand. Gold extraction usually causes the formation of tailing dams, in which organic matter and microbial activity decrease, and this consequently constrains plant growth. However, a full understanding of plant-soil interaction and plant community development in terms of natural restoration of gold mine tailing dam has not yet been developed. Three tailing dams, which had been naturally restored for 2 (R2), 5 (R5), and 10 (R10) years in the Xiaoqinlin gold region of Central China, were chosen to explore soil and plant community development in August, 2015. This study showed that soil bulk density and pH value were the lowest, whereas soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen were the highest in the R10 tailing dam across two soil depths (0–10 cm and 10–20 cm). Soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen decreased with soil depth across the restoration periods. The highest ratio of soil organic carbon to total nitrogen in the R10 tailing dam suggests that the rate of soil organic carbon accumulation may be restricted by the total nitrogen content in the long-term. Restoration stimulated plant community diversity and productivity, due to increment in soil nutrient content and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen. The various ratios of root biomass to aboveground plant biomass among three tailing dams were caused by the shifting of the plant community composition from annual to perennial varietals. The mechanism by which plant-soil interaction and plant community composition change over time can be used to guide restoration programs in tailing dams in Central China.