Strengthening screening for infectious diseases and vaccination among migrants in Europe: What is needed to close the implementation gaps?
Strengthening screening for infectious diseases and vaccination among migrants in Europe: What is needed to close the implementation gaps?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101715
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发表时间：
2021-02-17
影响因子：
12
通讯作者：
Pottie, Kevin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Noori, Teymur;Hargreaves, Sally;Pottie, Kevin
向欧洲联盟/欧洲经济区的移徙影响了传染病的流行病学，包括结核病、艾滋病毒、B/C型肝炎和寄生虫病。一些移民亚群体也被认为是免疫接种不足的群体，因此有可能患上疫苗可预防的疾病。为高风险移民提供及时有效的筛查和疫苗接种，并了解如何最好地在欧洲卫生系统中实施更综合的筛查和疫苗接种计划，确保与护理和治疗挂钩，是改善移民及其社区健康的关键，同时也是实现国家和区域感染监测，控制和消除目标的关键。欧洲疾病预防和控制中心（ECDC）响应了改善移民健康和加强全民健康覆盖的行动呼吁，为政策制定者，公共卫生专家和一线医疗保健专业人员制定了关于如何在欧盟/欧洲经济区内新抵达的移民中进行筛查和疫苗接种的循证指南。在这篇评论中，我们提供了一个对新到移民进行有效筛查和疫苗接种的视角，重点是确定欧盟/欧洲经济区高移民接收国的实施挑战和证据差距。现在有必要利用移民健康方面日益增长的势头，以加强证据基础，并倡导欧盟/欧洲经济区所有移民，包括无证移民，普遍获得医疗保健。这应包括自愿、保密和非污名化的筛查和疫苗接种，这些筛查和疫苗接种应是免费的，并有助于与适当的护理和治疗挂钩。
Migration to the European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA) affects the epidemiology of infectious diseases, including tuberculosis (TB), HIV, hepatitis B/C, and parasitic diseases. Some sub-populations of migrants are also considered to be an under-immunised group and thus at risk of vaccine-preventable diseases. Providing high-risk migrants access to timely and efficacious screening and vaccination, and understanding how best to implement more integrated screening and vaccination programmes into European health systems ensuring linkage to care and treatment, is key to improving the health of migrants and their communities, alongside meeting national and regional targets for infection surveillance, control, and elimination. The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) has responded to calls to action to improve migrant health and strengthen universal health coverage by developing evidence-based guidance for policy makers, public health experts, and front-line healthcare professionals on how to approach screening and vaccination in newly arrived migrants within the EU/EEA. In this Commentary, we provide a perspective towards developing efficacious screening and vaccination of newly arrived migrants, with a focus on defining implementation challenges and evidence gaps in high-migrant receiving EU/EEA countries. There is a need now to leverage the increasing momentum around migrant health to both strengthen the evidence-base and to advocate for universal access to health care for all migrants in the EU/EEA, including undocumented migrants. This should include voluntary, confidential, and non-stigmatising screening and vaccination that should be free of charge and facilitate linkage to appropriate care and treatment.