Necking and drawing of rubber–plastic laminate composites: Finite element simulations and analytical model

Necking and drawing of rubber–plastic laminate composites: Finite element simulations and analytical model
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橡胶塑料层压复合材料的颈缩和拉伸:有限元模拟和分析模型

DOI:
10.1016/j.jmps.2020.104012
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Velankar, Sachin S.
Velankar, Sachin S.
中科院分区:
工程技术2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ramachandran, Rahul G.;Maiti, Spandan;Velankar, Sachin S.

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许多塑料在拉伸中表现出缩颈和拉拔行为,有时被称为“冷拔”。相反,弹性体在张力下拉伸均匀。我们使用三维有限元模拟和分析模型来研究橡塑层压复合材料的拉伸行为。采用速率无关的本构行为,其中小应变时的模量、大应变时的应变硬化和屈服应力(仅针对塑性)都可以独立变化。当橡胶/塑料厚度比足够小时,层状复合材料呈现缩颈和拉伸,其中拉伸杆同时存在两种应变状态,一种是大拉伸(颈区),另一种是适度拉伸(非颈区)。随着橡胶/塑料厚度比的增加,两种应变状态以类似于二级相变的方式相互接近,最终达到临界点。在此临界橡胶/塑料厚度比之上,层状复合材料拉伸均匀。一个基于添加橡胶和塑料层的第一皮奥拉-基尔霍夫应力的分析模型,以及对非弹性变形的修正,可以准确地捕获大多数3D模拟结果。我们评论了这些结果与增韧相对脆性塑料的实际相关性,更具体地说,橡胶应变硬化的关键重要性。
Many plastics show necking and drawing behavior in tension, sometimes called “cold drawing”. In contrast, elastomers stretch homogeneously in tension. We examine the tensile behavior of rubber–plastic laminate composites using 3D finite element simulations and an analytical model. A rate-independent constitutive behavior was adopted in which the modulus at small-strain, strain hardening at large strain, and yield stress (only for the plastic) can all be varied independently. For sufficiently small rubber/plastic thickness ratio, layered composites show necking and drawing wherein a tensile bar coexists in two strain states, one with a large stretch (necked region) and the other with a modest stretch (unnecked region). With increasing rubber/plastic thickness ratio, the two strain states approach each other in a manner resembling a second order phase transition culminating in a critical point. Above this critical rubber/plastic thickness ratio, the layered composites stretch homogeneously. An analytical model based on adding the First Piola–Kirchoff stresses of the rubber and plastic layers, along with a modification for inelastic deformation, is shown to capture most of the results of 3D simulations accurately. We comment on the practical relevance of these results to toughening relatively brittle plastics, and more specifically, the critical importance of strain hardening of the rubber.
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