Physical eradication of small planktonic crustaceans from aquaculture tanks with cavitation treatment
Physical eradication of small planktonic crustaceans from aquaculture tanks with cavitation treatment
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DOI：
10.1007/s10499-017-0179-1
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Kijima, Akihiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kurita, Yoshihisa;Chiba, Ikuo;Kijima, Akihiro
小型浮游甲壳类动物通过掠食性破坏或与养殖物种竞争食物资源，在无脊椎动物养殖池中造成严重问题。在海参养殖中，它们会造成养殖幼鱼的大量流失，这是影响海参稳定育苗生产的主要障碍。在这项研究中，我们开发了一种利用“空化”冲击波消灭小型浮游甲壳类动物的新方法。空化可以通过微/纳米气泡破裂时产生的冲击波对金属设备（如螺旋桨和泵）表面造成重大损害。因此，我们使用微/纳米气泡发生器对浮游甲壳类动物（主要是桡足类动物）进行空化实验。与对照组相比，空化处理使养殖池内浮游甲壳类减少63.3%。对甲壳类动物体型分布的比较表明，空化处理对不同体型甲壳类动物的杀伤效果相同。我们还评估了作为空化处理副产物的微/纳米气泡对水产养殖物种的负面影响。将幼海参（Apostichopus japonicus）和海胆（strongylocentrrotus intermedius）暴露于微/纳米气泡中，4天后观察其存活率；所有个体都完好无损。这些结果表明，空化处理是一种不使用化学药剂控制浮游甲壳类动物的有效方法。
Small planktonic crustaceans cause serious problems in invertebrate aquaculture tanks through predatory damage or competition for food resources with the aquaculture species. In sea cucumber aquaculture, they can cause the mass loss of culturing jeveniles for releasing, which is a major obstacle to stable seedling production. In this study, we developed a novel method for eradicating small planktonic crustaceans using a 'cavitation' shock wave. Cavitation can cause significant damage to the surfaces of metallic devices, such as propellers and pumps, via the shock waves that occur with the disruption of micro/nano-bubbles. Therefore, we subjected planktonic crustaceans, mainly copepods, to cavitation using a micro/nano-bubble generator. The cavitation treatment reduced the planktonic crustaceans in the aquaculture tanks by 63.3% compared with the control. Comparison of the body size distribution of crustaceans indicated that cavitation treatment kills crustaceans of all sizes equally. We also assessed the negative effects of the micro/nano-bubbles, which are a byproduct of cavitation treatment, on the aquaculture species. We exposed juvenile sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicus) and sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus intermedius) to micro/nano-bubbles, and then examined their survival rate four days later; all individuals were intact and uninjured. These results suggest that cavitation treatment is an effective method for controlling planktonic crustaceans without using chemicals.