Mapping the Narrative Ecosystem of Conspiracy Theories in Online Anti-vaccination Discussions

Mapping the Narrative Ecosystem of Conspiracy Theories in Online Anti-vaccination Discussions
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绘制在线反疫苗讨论中阴谋论的叙事生态系统

DOI:
10.1145/3400806.3400828
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
International Conference on Social Media and Society
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Zhang, Zefeng
Zhang, Zefeng
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Introne, Joshua;Korsunska, Ania;Krsova, Leni;Zhang, Zefeng

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最近对阴谋论的研究将阴谋论标记为一个独特而有缺陷的认知过程。然而,将阴谋论病态化的倾向掩盖了这样一个事实,即它是一个多样化和动态的集体意义构建过程,在网络上公开交易。在这里,我们采用一个叙事框架来引入一种新的分析方法来检查在线阴谋论。叙事扮演着重要的角色,因为它是人类认知的核心,也是领域不可知论者,因此可以作为阴谋论和其他知识生产模式之间的桥梁。为了说明我们的方法的效用,我们用它来分析在三个不同的反疫苗接种论坛的对话中发现的阴谋论。我们的方法使我们能够捕获更抽象的类别,而不会隐藏原始数据的潜在多样性。我们发现,所有网站都有主导的叙事主题,但这些主题之间也存在着巨大的多样性。我们的初步观察表明,不同的社区在网络阴谋论的集体建构中扮演着不同的角色。这不仅为理解横断面差异提供了一条潜在的途径,而且还为未来工作中叙事的纵向动态提供了一条潜在的途径。我们特别感兴趣的是,研究叙事框架内的活动如何响应新闻事件和社交媒体平台为控制不同类型的错误信息而做出的初步努力。这样的分析将帮助我们更好地理解集体构建的阴谋叙事如何适应不断变化的媒体生态系统。
Recent research on conspiracy theories labels conspiracism as a distinct and deficient epistemic process. However, the tendency to pathologize conspiracism obscures the fact that it is a diverse and dynamic collective sensemaking process, transacted in public on the web. Here, we adopt a narrative framework to introduce a new analytical approach for examining online conspiracism. Narrative plays an important role because it is central to human cognition as well as being domain agnostic, and so can serve as a bridge between conspiracism and other modes of knowledge production. To illustrate the utility of our approach, we use it to analyze conspiracy theories identified in conversations across three different anti-vaccination discussion forums. Our approach enables us to capture more abstract categories without hiding the underlying diversity of the raw data. We find that there are dominant narrative themes across sites, but that there is also a tremendous amount of diversity within these themes. Our initial observations raise the possibility that different communities play different roles in the collective construction of conspiracy theories online. This offers one potential route for understanding not only cross-sectional differentiation, but the longitudinal dynamics of the narrative in future work. In particular, we are interested to examine how activity within the framework of the narrative shifts in response to news events and social media platforms’ nascent efforts to control different types of misinformation. Such analysis will help us to better understand how collectively constructed conspiracy narratives adapt in a shifting media ecosystem.
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发表时间: 2012
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