Structural and functional specializations of human fast-spiking neurons support fast cortical signaling.

Structural and functional specializations of human fast-spiking neurons support fast cortical signaling.
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人类快速刺激神经元的结构和功能专长支持快速皮质信号传导。

DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.adf0708
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发表时间:
2023-10-13
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Goriounova, Natalia A.
Goriounova, Natalia A.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wilbers, Rene;Galakhova, Anna A.;Driessens, Stan L. W.;Heistek, Tim S.;Metodieva, Verjinia D.;Hagemann, Jim;Heyer, Djai B.;Mertens, Eline J.;Deng, Suixin;Idema, Sander;Hamer, Philip C. de Witt;Noske, David P.;van Schie, Paul;Kommers, Ivar;Luan, Guoming;Li, Tianfu;Shu, Yousheng;de Kock, Christiaan P. J.;Mansvelder, Huibert D.;Goriounova, Natalia A.

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快速尖峰中间神经元(FSIN)提供快速抑制,抑制神经元活动,对认知功能至关重要。快速同步频率在扩展的人类新皮层中是进化保守的,尽管较大的神经元到神经元的距离挑战FSIN的快速输入-输出传递函数。在这里,我们测试了来自神经外科组织的人类神经元,人类FSIN的机械专业化解释了它们在人类皮层中的快速信号传导特性。通过形态重建、多面体记录和生物物理建模,我们发现,尽管树突路径长了三倍,但人类FSIN通过以下几种机制保持连接的锥体神经元之间的快速抑制:兴奋性输入的突触强度更强,树突直径更大,复杂性降低,AP启动更快,抑制输出更快,而Na+电流激活/失活特性相似。这些适应性的基础短的输入输出延迟快速抑制人类锥体神经元通过FSIN,解释皮层同步频率是如何保存,尽管扩展和稀疏的网络拓扑结构的人类皮层。快速发放神经元的形态学和生理学特性支持人类皮层中的快速皮层信号传导。
Fast-spiking interneurons (FSINs) provide fast inhibition that synchronizes neuronal activity and is critical for cognitive function. Fast synchronization frequencies are evolutionary conserved in the expanded human neocortex despite larger neuron-to-neuron distances that challenge fast input-output transfer functions of FSINs. Here, we test in human neurons from neurosurgery tissue, which mechanistic specializations of human FSINs explain their fast-signaling properties in human cortex. With morphological reconstructions, multipatch recordings, and biophysical modeling, we find that despite threefold longer dendritic path, human FSINs maintain fast inhibition between connected pyramidal neurons through several mechanisms: stronger synapse strength of excitatory inputs, larger dendrite diameter with reduced complexity, faster AP initiation, and faster and larger inhibitory output, while Na+ current activation/inactivation properties are similar. These adaptations underlie short input-output delays in fast inhibition of human pyramidal neurons through FSINs, explaining how cortical synchronization frequencies are conserved despite expanded and sparse network topology of human cortex. Morphological and physiological properties of fast spiking neurons support fast cortical signaling in human cortex.
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