Sulfur injections for a cooler planet
Sulfur injections for a cooler planet
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DOI：
10.1126/science.aan3317
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发表时间：
2017-07
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
U. Niemeier;S. Tilmes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
U. Niemeier;S. Tilmes
向平流层注入硫能帮助抵消气候变化吗？要实现巴黎协定将全球气温升幅限制在比工业化前水平高出2°C以内的目标，就需要迅速、大幅减少温室气体排放，同时大规模使用“负排放”策略，从空气中捕获二氧化碳（CO2）（1）。然而，目前尚不清楚如何或是否可以实现大的净负排放，并且既没有技术也没有足够的碳捕获储存能力。对充分减缓努力的有限承诺以及与净负排放相关的不确定性，加剧了对可能有助于减少最严重气候影响的选择的呼吁。一种建议的方法是通过增加地球表面或大气层的反射率来人为减少到达地球表面的阳光。
Can injections of sulfur into the stratosphere help to counteract climate change? Achieving the Paris Agreement's aim to limit the global temperature increase to at most 2°C above preindustrial levels will require rapid, substantial greenhouse gas emission reductions together with large-scale use of “negative emission” strategies for capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air (1). It remains unclear, however, how or indeed whether large net-negative emissions can be achieved, and neither technology nor sufficient storage capacity for captured carbon are available (2). Limited commitment for sufficient mitigation efforts and the uncertainty related to net-negative emissions have intensified calls for options that may help to reduce the worst climate effects (3). One suggested approach is the artificial reduction of sunlight reaching Earth's surface by increasing the reflectivity of Earth's surface or atmosphere.