Selective effects of social anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, and negative affectivity on the neural bases of emotional face processing
Selective effects of social anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, and negative affectivity on the neural bases of emotional face processing
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.08.074
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发表时间：
2012-01-16
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Stein, Murray B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ball, Tali Manber;Sullivan, Sarah;Stein, Murray B.
高度焦虑的人在情感处理区域表现出高度的神经激活，包括杏仁核和杏仁核。激活已被证明与焦虑的严重程度相关，但尽管焦虑是一种异质状态，以前的研究并没有系统地解开情感处理回路中的神经活动是否与焦虑的特定领域唯一相关。在功能性磁共振成像过程中，对45名年轻人进行了情绪面部处理任务的测试。参与者完成了社交焦虑量表、焦虑敏感指数和Spielberger特质焦虑量表。使用一个强大的多元回归方法，我们研究了社交焦虑，焦虑敏感性和特质焦虑（与抑郁症状重叠，因此可以被认为是一个衡量消极情感的指标）对大脑皮层，杏仁核和内侧前额叶皮层激活的影响，以应对情绪化的面孔。调整消极情感和焦虑敏感性，社交焦虑与所有情绪面孔的左杏仁核、右杏仁核和膝下前扣带回的活动相关。当直接比较消极和积极的面孔，更大的消极情感是唯一相关的积极面孔在左杏仁核，左前扣带回和背侧前扣带回的活动较少。目前的研究结果支持这一假设，即在一般情绪化的面孔处理过程中，大脑区域的过度活跃主要是社交焦虑的一个功能。相比之下，积极评价面孔的低活动性主要与消极情感有关。焦虑情绪处理的理解的影响进行了讨论。(C)2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Individuals with high anxiety show heightened neural activation in affective processing regions, including the amygdala and insula. Activations have been shown to be correlated with anxiety severity, but although anxiety is a heterogeneous state, prior studies have not systematically disentangled whether neural activity in affective processing circuitry is uniquely related to specific domains of anxiety. Forty-five young adults were tested on an emotional face processing task during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Participants completed the Social Interactional Anxiety Scale, Anxiety Sensitivity Index, and Spielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory. Using a robust multiple regression approach, we examined the effects of social anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, and trait anxiety (which overlapped with depressive symptoms, and can therefore be considered a measure of negative affectivity) on activation in insula, amygdala, and medial prefrontal cortex, in response to emotional faces. Adjusting for negative affectivity and anxiety sensitivity, social anxiety was associated with activity in left amygdala, right insula, and subgenual anterior cingulate across all emotional faces. When comparing negative and positive faces directly, greater negative affectivity was uniquely associated with less activity to positive faces in left amygdala, left anterior insula, and dorsal anterior cingulate. The current findings support the hypothesis that hyperactivity in brain areas during general emotional face processing is predominantly a function of social anxiety. In comparison, hypoactivity to positively valenced faces was predominantly associated with negative affectivity. Implications for the understanding of emotion processing in anxiety are discussed. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.